峰荤甸涓澶瀛胯风浼间村瀛

哄锛绉腑

朵锛

讹涓界瀛㈣绠虹缁淇℃腑蹇

104ワ2017骞磋璐灏瀛锛ヨ澹Jacques Dubochet锛缇界Jaochim Frank卞界Richard Henderson寰妗锛浠浠灏辨峰荤靛惧井浠浣跨瀛浠浠ュㄥ瀛灏哄害涓瀹瀵圭╁瀛涓缁寸瑙娴

峰荤甸浠ュ稿冲ㄦ璇哄涓翠互ラ借瀛濂斤涓杩寰灏浜鸿介璁″拌涓濡姝ゆ╁濂姝ゅ锛瀛棰缁浜涓浣╃╃瀛锛涔棰蜂归插菇榛炽

涓涓璇磋涓棰瀛板锛浠灏卞瑕ц瑷锛峰荤甸澶哄璇哄瀹ㄥ浠ヨ涔澶涔涓

峰荤甸浠ュ稿虫峰跺О涓轰汉绫绘寮浜寰颁澶ч姝ゅ娉杈ㄦ借川绮剧缁锛ㄥ峰荤甸涓姣锛缁虹剧绌躲╁绛浼澶棰甯浜О规х┿

濡浠锛濂椤瑰凡缁锛灏藉涔浣锛浠ㄦ绋浣广圭涓昏灏辨ｄ涓骞寸璇哄澶变浜よ灏便杩浜灏卞ㄩ瑕т涓峰荤甸告姣诧姣椤归芥瑰浜虹被娲荤涓ㄤ富瑙绗肩僵ㄥ峰荤甸涔涓跺锛瑙戒腑锛藉瀹浠峰峰涓ュず榄娼

ㄤ骞寸瀛涔锛绉濞烘绉瀛绛藉ㄨ琛濂棰娴锛朵腑绉垮锛Clarivate Analytics锛涓Web of Science浣涓哄虹╃储寮骞冲釜绉宸ヤ绉锛舵规钩寮ㄩ褰卞姣勾棰寮妗濂(Citation Laureates)璇鸿灏濂椋涔缇锛瀹剧娆￠娴涓锛 涔棰娴戒腑杩2016骞寸璇鸿灏瀛惰浠骞寸缁轰汉锛寮妗濂绌舵涓濂澶变浜よ锛浣浠浠绌舵灏卞跺骞朵浜濂锛ｈ浠ョｄ骞撮杩璇哄澶х藉ㄧ绌朵涔

2017骞寸垮棰寮妗濂瀛涓缁稿崇绌躲

1.浜ヨ藉宸宸ュぇ瀛绾堪路浼(John E. Bercaw)浠ュ宸澶у浼╁＄缃浼孤峰兼(Robert G. Bergma)浠ュヨ缃瀛㈢骞筹Georgiy B. Shulpin锛绌跺跺纰-姘㈤藉㈠棰虹板鸿础煎涓杩涔缃汉绗娆″ュ粹寮妗濂

2. ヨ芥ぇ瀛瀛伐绋甯╂疯澶Jens Norskov锛变姘ㄥ垫棰甯ョ瀹浣㈡澶稿澶ц灞琚浜璇ュ

3.ユ瀹锛Tsutomu Miyasaka锛╁界村Nam-Gyu Park锛ヨ卞界浜ㄥ┞锋Henry Snaith锛澶宠界垫棰╃ㄩ挎瀹浜芥杞

ｄ杩浜澶х棰绌跺瀹瑰瀹芥风

棣绗充缁涓寮妗濂瀛濂涓涓棰

1.C-H瀹藉㈠锛C-H Functionalization锛

ㄦ哄瀛腑锛瀹藉(Functional group)涓洪瑕锛ㄦ哄涓涓哄抽涓涓蹇典涓

浠涔藉㈠

椤惧涔锛瀹藉㈡冲哄╁瀛ц川瀛瀛哄瀛搴涓昏ㄨ浜瀹藉锛浜х╅翠瀹藉㈠氨濂芥哄╃绛撅涓ヨㄤ涓╀腑ユ浜绉瀹藉瀹灏变甯璇ョ瀹藉㈢ц川甯歌瀹藉㈠涓

甯歌瀹藉㈠朵唬琛ㄧ╄川锛ヨ淮虹剧锛

甯歌瀹藉㈢澶纰崇⒊姘у绱ょ瀛绛瑰锋浠ｈ〃х瀛缁C-H纰虫阿磋璁や负版х瀛锛锋寰楂瀛ǔ瀹у杈浣瀛搴娲绘с

ㄤ哄瀛搴涓瀹藉㈡搴锛缁缁舰澶扮哄╋变C-H版эㄦ哄搴涓父琚拷瑙

变哄瀛澶э绉哄╅瑕甯稿绱褰卞锛姝ラ缁父澶浠ュ浠烽锛冲父瑙规句互瀹锛C-H瀹藉㈠灏卞ㄤ锛濡哄╀腑烘纰虫阿瀹藉杩烽瑕╄川瀹藉㈣藉存涓⒊姘㈤琛搴锛绠浜姝ラ浜芥涓

C-H瀹藉㈠澶ф涓瑷伙涔寮浜浼澶瀛绌跺磋叮

璇哄ㄧ藉宸宸ュぇ瀛绾堪路浼(John E. Bercaw)绌朵腑锛杩ㄤ伪-浜浜洪锛II锛╋绌剁┖村靛绱瀵逛翰C-H娲诲搴у╂э杩涓姝ユC-H瀹藉㈠虹

http://chemistry.caltech.edu/groups/bercaw/research.html

C-H瀹藉㈠虹ョ哄棰灏浜х宸ㄥぇ褰卞锛棰瑙绠姝ラ浠ュョ板┿涔灏浼浼撮灞

2.瀹浣㈡澶稿ㄦ皑棰搴

浼ㄧワ姘ㄧㄧ绯荤涓甯搁瑕锛澹ょ诲绂讳寮瀹甯歌ユ涔姘ㄧ姘绱

浣皑涓存瀛涓绱㈢棰锛涓轰缁规浼锛Haber-Bosch process锛锛璇ユ╃卞浼1908骞村锛╃ㄦ爱姘姘㈡200涓ぇ姘浠ュ姘400搴杩╃浜х姘ㄦ锛浜ч寰10~20%や瑕姹甯搁搴′欢澶锛璇ユ规浼浜х澶ч浜姘у纰筹涓╀澧锛杩浼瀵艰村ㄧ跺

ㄨ绉典锛璁稿充皑跺绌跺轰绌枫琚缇芥ぇ瀛瀛伐绋甯╂疯澶Jens Norskov锛绌剁╃ㄧ靛瀛跺姘ㄦ锛╃ㄦ版瑰苟╂х浜姘锛浣垮跺惊╃ㄣ

https://suncat.stanford.edu/theory/news/innovative-and-efficient-electrochemical-cycling-strategy-offers-sustainability-and-high

璋澶稿锛灏辨LiOH寮濮锛N2佃ВLiOH琛ㄦ舰Li灞锛浣挎爱姘涓Li灞Li3N锛娇Li3N跺姘ㄦLiOH锛杩LiOH藉ㄨ涓绋涓惊╃ㄣ

澶锛ㄤ澶佃В腑锛煎涓璇鹃缁佃В杈惧颁88.5%锛ㄥ搴涓瑰╃ㄥよ川瀛垮浜HER搴锛佃В姘㈠锛锛杈惧颁撮╂с

辨瑙锛姘ㄥ澧濂界缇ソ挎宸查ヤ锛璇ヨ棰缁辨涔寰浜寮妗濂

3.挎澶宠界垫棰╃

澶宠戒涓虹澧濂界娓娲芥锛ㄦ拌芥棰涓存ユ涓甯般澶宠界垫寮存负褰芥辨虹板渚浜甯┿澶宠界垫烘甯哥锛澶宠借浆㈡佃芥ヤ负朵靛ㄦ渚靛锛浣介浆㈡浠ュ垫ц川浠ュ涓村剁害澶宠界垫澶ц村涓

ヨユ瀹锛Tsutomu Miyasaka锛╁界村Nam-Gyu Park锛ヨ卞界浜ㄥ┞锋Henry Snaith锛璇鹃缁跺苟╃ㄩ挎浣涓哄お宠界垫涓稿绱锛灏稿楂颁3.8%锛圭浜澶宠界垫棰瀵逛板绌剁

瓒ｇ匡perovskites锛杩涓绉颁浠浠ㄩ哥涓绱╄川锛朵涓骞舵浠ｆ锋ABX3舵兼烘┿

ABX3舵肩绀烘

ㄦユ卞界绉瀛浣浠浠ㄥ虹挎涓坊浜姘绱锛澧浜╂ｉ垮害杩凤规瀵间烘ц川锛╂ｉ垮害澧楂浜杞芥瀛伴浣垮朵骇浜村靛绌虹┐锛楂浜ㄧ垫锛浣跨佃峰搴锛澶宠界垫澶у搴

骞村介浆㈡

https://www.chemistryworld.com/feature/the-power-of-perovskites/7659.article

姝ｆ浜绉瀛涓帮ㄥお宠界垫棰锛介浆㈡骞村ぇ骞搴锛镐俊ㄤ涔灏ュお宠界垫姘瀹ㄥ涓涔涓ぉ瑰璋

ゆ涔澶锛寮妗濂朵棰璇鹃锛涔涓轰氦瀛琚瀛绛朵棰娴涓鸿璐灏瀛绔浜

姣濡寰╃棰寮妗濂纰崇撼绫崇冲ㄧ靛棰搴璇鹃╃瀛璐归】路炬锛Phaedon Avouris锛绛

煎虫敞缇绉瀛寮宄扮CRISPR 哄缂杈涓绐鸿础涔寰拌DNA绌惰瀛╁瀹剁

褰讹璇鸿灏濂棰娉棰浼扮浼澶绱锛姣勾绉瀛涔澶ф浜哄ㄣ

姣濡濂瀹浜垫虹ヨ界John B. Goodenough锛浠ヨ娉寰璇鸿灏瀛涓ユ涓瀛ㄣ缁浠濮姘Goodenough寮ヨВ灏辨瓒冲濂解锛浠ヨ浜榛插菇榛褰讹ㄥ涓澶х灞轰绌凤璁烘藉寰璇鸿灏濂锛锋扮簿绁骞朵涓虹杩鸿础绉瀛浠藉煎灏

绉腑解腑界哄绀句瑰╃ㄤ俊娈靛灞绉瀛绉瀛濞

辩腑借浣哄锛杞浇璇锋敞哄