寮绉ㄥ绉绘锛浠版

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夸ョ骞绘

ㄧ╃ㄥ瀚颁汉韬锛汉绫绘╂灏卞凡缁ㄧ筹ㄥ浠ｆ瀛澹讳腑戒惧瑙般璁告汉浠惧浜ㄨ繁璁よ璇剧瑙ｆ翠釜涓锛渚挎涓浜ㄧ╄浠ヤ负浜洪奔浜洪┈浜洪㈤拱绛绛缇汉楸尖澶ф绫烩瀚┾涓稿浜虹涓绉锛ㄦ界澶钩骞胯灞辨捣缁锛ユユ功绾汇锛绛澶ㄥ浠ｅ哥涓充汉楸肩锛寰峰戒璇磋捐瀹寰绔ヨ娴风濂冲裤存箍涓轰汉ャ

锛涔ㄥ戒璇村哥涓借芥惧扮缇汉楸硷

や浜洪奔锛杩充绉朵瀚┾璁拌浇ｈ藉ㄥ挎渤ㄦ界Lascaux娲绐涓璺浠17000骞村楦澶翠汉澹伙浼璇翠腑韩浜洪㈡楣伴浜鸿韩烽奸浜鸿韩垮充杩娲昏ㄦ父褰辫浣涓浠腑戒汉绁瀹璇翠汉芥汉棣韬濂冲ú濞濞烘ョ锛甯绁璇涓存浜哄缇娼浜哄绫宠剁璁稿浜哄ㄧ╃绁绁

锛娓告腑㈠锛烽垮锛

甯绁璇涓涓涓苟涓ㄧ╁ㄥ瀹颁汉韬锛ㄧ╂兼璧锋ョ解濂缇锛Chimera锛濂缇跨ご缇韬灏撅缇界Щ妞澶绉瀛锛American Society of Transplant Surgeons, ASTS锛寰芥灏辨缇ㄧ浠ｅ诲涓Chimera灏辨浣锛ヨ涓缁缁缁缁ㄤ璧峰舰╀

锛ASTS寰芥锛

浜浜哄ㄧ╃绁浠楝兼ぉ灏辫凤浜ㄥ绉绘ョㄨ浠涓澶骞村板害绁璇锛Shiva绁涓灏浜繁垮Kumar澶达浜刀蹇浜涓澶ц薄澶村Kumar韬涓锛浜涓垮渚垮娲讳锛浜浜哄璞＄Ganesha绁

锛垮璞″ごGanesha绁锛

澶ц薄锛璇涓瀹瑕璁测

涓灏璇

寮绉ㄥ绉绘褰朵浠浠瀛ㄤ璇涓瀛姹ら涓氨璁拌浇浜绁绘楣缁涓や釜浜轰㈠浜

楣浜瀹ч句互璇锛冲绉ㄥ绉绘纭璇敖璁板锛╁浠ヨ拷婧17涓绾娆ф床ｆ跺娆ф床浜虹镐俊浜虹ф笺绮剧娑叉稿崇锛璁や负绮剧涔便绛堕芥涓衡琛涓姣瀵艰寸锛浜究璇炬娓╅『骞冲椋ㄧ╄娑茶ユｈ浣锛浠ュ炬不剧

1667骞达卞藉荤Richard Lower缁电琛杈缁ｈArthur Coga锛惰锛变惰涓涓轰汉ョ瓒ユуュ搴锛Coga褰轰抚姐骞达娉藉荤Jean-Baptiste Denis灏灏琛娑茶ヤ浠寸浜Antoine Mauroy浣锛Mauroy姣杈骞歌锛鸿浜楂с浼绛х搴锛涓ㄨ琛版芥病ワ变ㄧ╄杈ヤ汉浣瀵艰寸姝讳骸渚澶锛杩绉浣琚姝跺锛芥剧娴琛楦¤锛涔涓哄ㄧ╄娑茶ヤ汉浣寮ュ搴锛浜㈣茬孩娑煎稿璺冲绛璞°

锛澶у浮句搴涓虹缂虹╄锛

濡涓杈琛涓绉绉绘锛ｄ╃寮绉ㄥ绉绘搴璇ュ浜1893骞达卞藉荤Watson Williams灏缇拌绉绘缁涓浣1绯灏跨辩13宀峰锛缇拌娉板绱界舵剁瑙ｄ峰绯灏跨讹浣变ュ搴锛3澶╋峰杩寮浜浜轰ㄤ涔1905骞达娉藉荤Princeteau涓轰渚捐“绔绔ユヤ惧锛浣杩瀛╁浠娌¤芥杩ュ搴惧筹16澶╁浜ュ搴寮璧风洪ㄦ

1920骞村濮锛淇藉荤Serge Voronoff灏璇浜涓绉杩杩绔モ灏榛╃╃句父妞ヨ骞寸峰村锛浠骞达灏辨扮句汉浜杩涓浠杩灏╃╁靛发缁缁绉绘板コт锛浠ョ瑙ｈユ村勾婵绱姘村钩涓甯ョ涓绯诲躲变Щ妞涓渚浣涓汉浜茬崇郴杈杩锛Voronoff灏寮璧蜂弗ュ搴锛О锛妞ヤ汉浣ㄧ╂ц虹缁浠ュ伐浣1锝2骞达㈡㈢氦缁村澶辨Voronoff搴℃娲诧绉绘浜哄辨绾2000浜猴浠冲ㄦぇ╁缓浜涓涓╃╅ゲ诲恒

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1963骞村濮锛缇藉荤Thomas Starzl涓6浣ｈ绉绘浜ㄥ锛杩浜ｈㄦ娲讳19澶╁98澶╀绛Starzlヨ绉颁负褰浠ｇЩ妞涔垛1964骞达ヤ鸡姣浜澶уReemtsma荤灏╃╄剧Щ妞缁浜猴ｈ瀛娲讳9涓

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╃┿锛浠璇宠

棰瑙

涓轰瀵绘惧渚浣锛浜轰滑姣瀵逛璁稿绉ㄧ┿寮濮冲扮褰舵甸跨被ㄧ╋浣瀹浠涔浜虹被浣宸杈澶э瑕涔婵变句互澶ц妯￠ゲ伙涓变翰缂崇郴歌锛甸跨被ㄧ╂哄甫姣澶у借芥浜虹被ワ浜轰滑瀹ㄧ韩涓锛瀹浠ㄥ灏哄涓汉杩锛缁挎椹╁凡峰涓浠绻娈濂介ゲ荤浼癸瀹缇渚浣

1995骞达57宀缇藉妫ｈTony Johnson浜缁绉绘ｆ惰娌℃浠澶╄锋CRISPR-Cas9哄缂杈绉瀛浠璐硅板诲轰涓逛哄甫浠讳姣ュ悍跺腑涓ゅ浜ら锛灏8猴浠釜腑哄缁缁锛缁妞Johnson涓ㄤ洪㈠Johnson琛ㄨ藉寰颁澶х楂锛姣ぉ浠ュ涓浜宸ヤ锛杩藉洪楸笺

濡浠锛ㄥｈ缃㈡归涓哄ㄥ渚浣宸茬搴ㄤ板骞达辩鸿川涔宸茬蛋涓涓村锛璁╄澶蹭汉瑙ㄥ朵ㄥ绉绘棰锛涔杩璁稿朵绉㈤姝ｅㄨ村浜互涓哄ㄥ绉绘渚浣灏璇渚濡卞Paolo De Coppi澹㈤锛姝ｅㄧ绌跺╃ㄧ绠′负澶╂ч瀛╁杩琛娌荤锛灏ょ绠″ｅ跨骞茬哥锛ㄦ扮垮虹2锝3涓杩琛绉绘锛杩涓ㄦ勾寰浠ュ

浣杩浜绉绘╅芥缁缁缁讹朵腑藉凡琚ゃ濡甯ㄤ汉浣浠惰藉ュ斤灏卞椤昏В冲ュ宓ュㄧ哄缁涓PERV

やㄧ澹㈤锛2002骞村澶уLai绛浜烘炬寰查の-gal哄伪-gal哄琛ㄨ揪浜х╂ユфュ搴朵涓2015骞达浣澶уGeorge Church锛涔灏辨ㄧ澹瀵艰甯锛渚垮凡缁╃CRISPR/Cas9哄缂杈朵PERV哄

璁稿藉垮澶у╁绾风悍寮灞浠ョ负ㄥ绉绘渚浣绌讹涔璁稿ㄥ己冲ㄤ杩ュ浠ヨВ筹版ｈ灏姝ら扮

杩杩绉浣锛锛

璧

1. Pig Tissue May Aid Parkinson's Treatment

http://articles.latimes.com/1995-11-01/news/mn-63717_1_human-fetal-tissue

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3. Denis JB. "Extraitd'unelettre de M. Denis, professeur de philosophie et de math茅matique, sur la transfusion du sang. DeParis le 9.mars, 1667." in "JOURNAL DES S?AVANS." 6 (1679).

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5. Lai L, Kolber-Simonds D, Park KW, Cheong HT, Greenstein JL, Im GS, Samuel M, Bonk A, Rieke A, Day BN, Murphy CN, Carter DB, Hawley RJ, Prather RS. Production of alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout pigs by nuclear transfer cloning. Science.2002 Feb 8;295(5557):1089-92. Epub 2002 Jan 3.

6. Ierino FL, Sandrin MS. Spectrum of the early xenograft response: from hyperacute rejection to delayed xenograft injury. Critical Reviews in Immunology. 2007.27(2):153-66.

7. Cooper DK, Ekser B, Ramsoondar J, Phelps C, Ayares D. The role of genetically engineered pigs in xenotransplantation research. J Pathol. 2016 Jan;238(2):288-99. doi:10.1002/path.4635. Epub 2015 Oct 7.