ㄤ涔锛姝㈣娓补......

炬浜鸿瀵瑰诲ヨ锛浜寰寰釜濂戒瀹璁╁诲涓涓寰拌澶洪猴ㄥ璺典腑寰扮（衡 ㄥ浠ｏ缂绉烘浣璇烘′欢浣ㄥ涓绾锛涓涓浜浼ゅ村涓轰娈风澶绉澶涓㈡浜姐姝ｆ浣娉藉荤涓烘芥澹界

1535骞达瀹甯椴?甯(Ambroise Par茅)姝ｅㄥ反榛诲″汇ｆ堕存澶╋绾挎朵涓跺氨浼ゅ琚涓ワ变荤浜烘澶锛璁稿浼ゅ寰涓版娌汇甯锋卞介骞达姝ゅ讳甯哥ワ瀛涓缁锛渚跨诲璧存恒

灏界ㄥ″璁跺锛杩绉轰激剧锛甯疯涓哄凡缁杩绉娈峰濂锛颁哄板＋典滑琚稿脊告ㄥ颁版ｆㄧ讹浠杩涓搴锛甯稿父琚轰浜茬兼瑙浼ょ

瀹甯椴?甯 Ambroise Par茅 (1510 1590)(炬瑙姘村)

ｄ釜跺锛诲骞朵杈撅澶浼ゅ娉锛冲╃ㄥ娌硅х孩¤创ㄥ浼ゅ锛杩缁娉杈惧版琛甯峰杩绉规娣辨剁缁褰舵病楹昏浼ゅや瑕蹇浼ょ锛杩瑕蹇寮虹涓濡姝荤肩姣ㄧ澶杩浼ゅ锛戒板诲澶╋楂эх姣锛浼ゅㄨ竟缁缁借垮楂锛澶颁汉杩澶╀究浼版涓峰涓舵ュ版扮澶绉荤姹ょ?灏(Thomas Gale)剧缁板锛хㄤ激涓姝ら浜猴浠ヨ磋澶浼ゅ蹇筹姝ｉ鹃涓姝伙瀹甫浼ゆ锛涔涓挎ㄩｅ甯风‘淇★杩涓寮澶т╋浠涓瀹冲锛姘歌涓ㄧ澶浼ゅ

╂澶绉烘绉腑斤

涓娆★ㄦぇ╁ㄧ涓娆℃版や腑锛颁涓ヤ涓夸弗浼ゆ澹涓绘不荤涓浠わ璁╀瀵硅浣浼ゅ浣跨ㄦ补浣涓轰绾ф板荤锛甯峰芥浠惰锛褰浠寮ㄨ舵锛娌硅宸茬ㄥ锛涓涓烘板婚㈣浆绉讳濂藉版癸╁凡涓ュ浜涓瀹杩锛甯峰椹冲娉缁浼ゅ姝㈣锛锛浠寰蹇氨浼涓哄け琛杩澶姝诲

浠澶╀浜涓ュ灏娆℃澶ㄩ芥锛ゅ＋璧剁揣涓轰浠跺琛。甯风┛涓澶琛。锛瑙浜琚瀛涓ｆ＄版癸寰瀵寰撮锛浠宠捣ㄥぉ涓涓浣ゅ＋夸缂澶琛ｇｄ骞浼ゅ戒界ㄩ绾跨浠煎涓浜浜轰缁缁介藉浠ュ锛濡浼ゅ缁缁扮锛ｈ界缁寰蹇氨浼灏浼ゅ濉ˉ濂藉锛ｆ激灏变寰蹇版甯锋冲拌村涓宸层灏卞ㄨ讹ｄ浼ゅ寰涓板舵娌伙㈡㈠伴浜笺

甯烽捐浜锛瑾瑕冲轰绉娉锛㈣浼ゅ交藉揩缂姝㈣涓澶╋涓涓澹琚镐激锛琚版板婚ゅ＋璧剁揣缁浠娓锛涓涓浜浼ゅㄤ㈠锛甯峰冲ㄤ韬涓涓瀹楠浠惧洪锛璁╂ゅ＋娑姣锛骞跺澶涓浜绾挎场ㄦ姣姘撮锛跺х琛ｆ娉锛缁澹琛浼ゅ缂涓扮锛浼ゅ界朵锛浣姣璧蜂激肩锛绠涓浜浠涔甯疯变杩涓や釜灏讹缁浜浜浼ゅ锛骞朵氦寰ゅ＋瑕涓ユ煎娑姣澶╁濂杩瑰虹浜锛朵ㄧ姝㈣浼ゅ浼ゅ杩ㄧ肩涓宸茬跺锛杩浼ゅ宸茬ソ浜锛骞堕杩恒甯峰村涓宸诧浠ラ锛浠惧颁涓涓不浼ゅ浣虫规锛

姝ｅㄥ甯凤绉瀛

涓ョ堕达浠璁ょ涓洪ｅ浼ゅ缂剁姣涓锛瑙ｅ冲ㄥ浣涓扮楹荤瑕崇锛蹇椤荤ㄩ瀛涓よ竟浼ゅ璧锋ワ甯搁夯涓璧风浼ゅ缂浜烘ワ甯搁剧浠涓绉褰㈢锛杩蜂ワ涓ㄦ璧蜂激锛ㄤ瀛澶逛集杩琛缂锛鸿ㄤ涓绔诲烘モ

涓绯诲硅甯锋杩涓规藉涓衡缂锛骞跺箍娉板荤骞匡缂ユ芥浜澶灏澹姐灏界甯风堕瑕浣跨ㄨ惧绾卞锛缂鹃锛浣浠や汉村浠缁戒互㈡浜猴跺娲荤涓浜ㄤ缁规㈢浜猴甯锋娓涓烘轰娆㈣荤涔涓锛骞朵杩缁负娉藉界褰寰＄ㄥ绉荤锛ョ涓杩1562骞翠换戒涓衡棣甯绉诲

涓鸿椤规颁激甯疯绉颁负浠ｅ绉涔垛锛浣浠ㄧ涓灏绉淇￠璋拌锛娌荤浠锛娌绘浠甯

--------------------------------------------------

ㄥ绉诲涓锛や甯凤浠ヤ杩浣澶х涔蜂涓璧凤姣濡ユ汉娲诧浠1804骞达借浜浜虹被绗娆″ㄨ韩楹婚

姣濡卞戒汉甯浼痉灏锛浣涓轰濡浜х荤锛缁父颁骇块浜у濞╂跺澶у鸿姝伙姝ら杩绌讹棣浜杈琛