菠块涓衡榫缁濠锛藉哄煎

哄锛绉腑

朵锛宠タ绉ヤ骇涓绌堕Serina

讹涓界瀛㈣绠虹缁淇℃腑蹇

娈垫堕达楸肩跺楂涓椋涓衡璇″涓娲诲ㄥ井杞菠锛朵舰浼锛涓℃伴诲㈠浜害

ㄥ鹃菠块娓歌锛锛剧ヨ缁锛锛

620ワ缃板北瑗垮お榫娼按姹涓菠绐跺濮娓歌澹婚棰涓锛浠棰涓浠ョ版涓菠浠涓界哥户姹ワ浠ラ杞褰㈠父浠夸缁ャ

缃娲澶у锛杩瑕缁濠锛

锛浣蹇浜ｄ楸间锛

杩风锛

杩风锛

杩杩风锛

锛剧ヨ缁锛

濡涓洪濠绀肩璇锛ｇ杩涓棰锛榫涔澶互

浠瀛瑙搴ヨ锛杩绉绁濂菠濂瑙褰灞楸肩被琛涓哄达惰绗缁ラ璧锛藉灏缂轰瀛搴璁ㄨ璞＄稿宠姝わ界剁兢浼缁娑杩缃浠瀛瑙搴轰绉璁撅寸己涔稿翠弗璋ㄧ绉缁

跺锛ㄥ藉╁氨涓浜甯告缁绉瀛瀵硅绉楸肩兢琛涓鸿琛浜绌跺绱ㄤ浠ワ楸肩兢界剁璧锋ョ濂锛浣涔骞朵涔缃瑙濂瑙

杩绉锛浠ュ╃ㄦ按涓鸿琛璧浠ュ锛箍娉瀛ㄤ翠釜楸肩被绀句涔寸涓绉琛涓哄璞★崇ぞ浼琛涓猴social behavior锛ㄥ锛杩绫昏涓鸿绉颁负fish schooling锛schooling负瀛℃层璁锛锛涓璇涓洪奔绫荤

＄绾虫按锛NorthCarolinaAquariums锛涔涓椤圭绌剁剧ず锛冲瓒杩20,000绉娴烽奔娣℃按楸肩被楸肩被芥捐瑙瀵杩杩绉缁琛涓恒朵腑涓ㄥ楸煎父骞寸杩琛娲诲AB锛村楸肩被浠ㄧ瑰舵缁琛涓猴C锛

缁琛涓烘瀛ㄤ奔绫讳腑淬A-C锛璁稿娴锋按楸硷A锛浠ュ灏娣℃按楸肩被锛B锛戒互缁褰㈠挎娲伙涓ㄥ楸煎澶ч┈楸硷C锛浠ㄧ瑰舵浼浜х缁琛涓恒

充奔哄锛杩澶ц妯′璁浣楸肩被浜ゆ瑰‘瀹姣杈涓锛杩涓瓒充互杈惧伴杩浜ゆ璋撮褰㈢姘村钩姝わ瀵逛菠澶ц妯¤缁琛涓猴涓灏浜洪╃镐俊绮锯璇淬

娈涓ワ涓绛宸澶ч椋绛绀句琛涓轰凤杩绉楸肩被缁琛涓哄跺涔惰浜х┿╁2013骞达椤垮ぇ瀛Catherine L. Peichel棰瀵肩绌跺㈤灏遍瀵逛绉涓轰洪奔锛threespine stickleback锛缁琛涓轰骇瀛虹杩璇绌讹稿虫琛ㄥㄥ骞淬褰浠ｇ╁锛Current Biology锛蹇涓杩绉涓洪奔ㄤ伴芥骞挎甯锛ㄤ绌朵腑锛浠浠娲讳お骞虫板虹涓洪奔锛绠绉颁负娴锋楸硷挎浼撮缁琛涓猴娲讳棰ヤ鸡姣浜婀娉涓洪奔锛绠绉颁负搴楸硷骞虫跺娆㈢翰ㄥ涓姐

颁褰㈡涓棰层绉绫诲寮涓洪奔

浠浠杈浜杩涓ょ涓板轰洪奔哄缁锛骞跺涓绯诲哄藉浠ュ奖缁琛涓虹

杩浜哄涓昏浠ュ涓轰袱绫伙涓绫昏璐ｆ朵洪奔浜х缁撅辫瑙稿崇缁郴缁缁锛涓绫昏璐ｆ朵洪奔ュㄥ撮奔绫荤浜х姘翠娉㈠ㄥ苟璋寸杩变晶绾跨稿崇缁

涓轰楠璇浠ヤ涓缁瀵逛洪奔缁琛涓洪褰卞锛绉瀛浠涓ょ被涓洪奔甯瀹楠瀹や楗插伙骞惰瀵瀹浠琛涓恒棰崇涓凤充娇灏搴涓洪奔娣峰ユ捣娲楸奸涓搴楸间骇缁剧棰ラ杩ㄦ瑰藉娴锋楸煎ぇ杩ュ锛1锛锛瑙杩绉缁琛涓哄苟涓介杩褰浠ｇ浜ゆ瀛镐锛繁娣辩板ㄩ浼╄川涓澶╄ㄦā寮

朵洪奔缁琛涓虹涓昏哄斤1锛瑰绌朵汉涓琛涓虹稿崇颁釜哄瀹浠富瑕堕奔绫荤瑙瑙稿崇缁郴缁锛浠ュ璐璐ｆユ按浣娉㈠ㄥ苟璋撮奔绫昏琛缁杩ㄣ

煎娉ㄦ充哄璋ㄥ璁稿ㄧ╄涓轰骇宸ヤ灏澶ㄥ绾ч舵锛浣剁绌舵翠瀹瑰

Fred Hutch浜虹被╁绌舵璐璐ｄ汉Greenwood瀵规璇浠疯锛姝ょ被绀句氦ㄦ哄ㄩ奔绫诲浜虹被涓芥瀛浠瑙搴娴锛寰芥朵汉绫讳奔绫荤介杩涓ㄥ烘绁缁瀛╄川剁ぞ浼琛涓恒姝わ瀵归奔绫荤琛涓虹绌讹涔浠ヤ负绌朵汉绫荤ぞ浼琛涓烘渚瑕绌跺虹

姣濡涓娈垫堕村靛娌告哺堕伴讳浠讹姝ｆ瀹堕杩绛涓浜ラ瑰璇捐Е娑璐硅缁琛涓哄插ㄤ骇瀹缂╁奖

璇峰璐т滑惧锛杩骞朵氦哄绋锛哄界煎わ

ㄨ棰涓缇や搴锛菠藉锛浣骞存ワ浠捐杩瀹浠琛辨瑙锛涓挎浠ョ琛涓鸿琛娲荤楸肩被告锛菠寰藉浜ㄧ瑰舵浜х缁琛涓虹楸肩被

ｄヤ锛绌剁涔瑙浜菠缁琛涓猴涓浜宸叉版〃楸肩被缁琛涓轰互涓瀛瀛ㄧ瀵宠锛

1涓ご灏楸肩被锛濡楗叉楸硷锛藉ㄦ杈楸肩被村惧浜х缁琛涓猴涓瀹舵娴褰楸肩兢ㄤ璧锋跺浠ュ澶т绉瀵瑰ぉ浜х锛2锛锛舵锛充娇椋涓ㄥ楸硷变釜浣楸艰姒浜锛涔昏戒璇涓浜澶浜腑澶楸煎垢浜撅缁存绉缇ょ绻琛ㄨ绉′欢涓锛椋瓒寮猴濡椋涓澧澶椋蹇插虹锛戒瀵艰寸琛涓虹寮猴冲舰楸肩兢瀵搴村ぇ锛惧浜讹34锛

娴锋茬娲荤楸肩兢ㄦュ父舵涓锛宸锛楸肩兢杈涓虹撅ㄩ椋讹锛锛楸肩兢瀵搴澶э淇や腑寸涓瀛娲汇锛剧ヨ缁锛

2褰椋╃己讹ㄥ楸肩被惧浜互涓涓哄浣椋锛涔锛楸肩被村惧浜骇缁琛涓恒涓ゅㄩ╁瓒崇′欢涓锛楸肩兢璇鹃杩缁琛涓轰璇瀛娲荤

3涓浜楸肩被锛濡澶ч┈楸硷ㄤ氦瀛ｈ浼变釜浣娲诲ㄦā寮浆涓虹琛涓烘ā寮涓浣逛究绉缇ら磋琛浜ら锛缁涓浜ら浜у典淇璇浜涓瀹伴涓瀛娲伙1锛4锛

4姘翠涔浼瀵归奔绫荤琛涓轰骇褰卞锛浣蜂涓涓ゅㄤ浜澧涓澶姘存俯姘存姘村瀵艰寸姘存娉㈠ㄥ芥板颁奔缁琛涓洪姘翠哥被浼硷瑙涓奔轰缁琛涓猴杩甯ㄤ翠釜楸肩兢

辨瑙锛缁琛涓轰涓昏琚涓烘绉楸肩被瓒挎斤宠捣涓娈垫堕寸缁涓绱剧楸奸浣琛ㄨ阿┾瑙棰锛宀镐浜虹悍绾锋版帮娌抽楸间浠锛舵村ぇ芥涓洪奔绫荤兢浣澶ぇ锛烘浜翠釜楸肩兢浜缁琛涓恒澧稿绋冲锛浣涓ゅ跺虹浜虹被 椋楸笺娓瑰杩姘翠х娉㈠ㄧ姐姝ゅ锛变己涔涔跺扮姘翠烘电烘版浠浠澶菠缁规村蜂浣绠℃凤菠褰㈡杩锛杞璧锋ュ戒朵甯ュソ杩锛

1GreenwoodA,WarkA,YoshidaK,PeichelC.GeneticandNeuralModularityUnderlietheEvolutionofSchoolingBehaviorinThreespineSticklebacks.CurrentBiologyCb2013;23:1884.2BL.P.Thestructureandfunctionoffishschools.SciAm1982;246:114-123.3BairdTA,RyerCH,OllaBL.Socialenhancementofforagingonanephemeralfoodsourceinjuvenilewalleyepollock,Theragrachalcogramma.EnvironmentalBiologyofFishes1991;31:307-311.4NiwaHS.AnalysisofFishMovementsUsingaNewtonRulesModel:PossibleAdvantagesofSchoolingtoMigrationandForaging(MathematicalTopicsinBiology).RimsKokyuroku1994;870:184-195.

绉腑解腑界哄绀句瑰╃ㄤ俊娈靛灞绉瀛绉瀛濞

辩腑借浣哄锛杞浇璇锋敞哄