瀵浠ユ不锛

涓骞蹭锛浜娌＄锛寰锛

瀛╁瑰伙村ュ悍锛寰璋憋

浠澶╁濮涓ょ绔锛璁歌界浣绛妗锛涓哄虫敞璇棰璇淬

杩璇存逛濂锛瀹卞界瀛Strachan1989骞存虹锛璇寸瀛╁ㄥ叉╂锛瑙х浣辩寰╋濡缁锛瀵お灏锛灏辨杈瀹规寰杩х剧朵郴缁跺诧瑰寤虹浜х缂洪枫

(o)ｄ涔涓句釜渚瀛锛

辩杩浜哄姝ｅ父浜虹澶у哄浠郴缁涓璁よ辩锛瑕涓涓硅辩锛灏卞藉ㄥ己涓蹇瑕搴锛璁╀汉寰杩灏辨锛

姝ｅ父浜虹郴缁寰╁氨璁よ辩锛辩ヤ锛郴缁涓浼ㄥ搴锛杩灏辨

杩26骞达璇寸父琚汉锛涔寰澶瀹楠缁璁℃版ユ瀹杩骞达涓涓浠ｅ哄娴搴灞锛璁╀汉浠寰┿瀵璁よ瓒ヨ娣卞ワ浜虹被ㄤ璇璇寸朵ㄤ慨姝ｅ

璁や负锛扮璇达垮浼甯ヤ汉绫诲荤ュ悍宸ㄥぇ╁斤寤鸿姣釜甯瀛╁瀹朵汉繁ュ悍浜洪藉璇ュ虫敞

浠澶╋浠ヨ瀵娌荤浜剧棰瑕ф浜锛杩浜浜浣拌璇寸

璇鸿灏濂瀵

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浣浠搴璇ユ妤扮ラ锛村扮姣勾杩颁互浜浜胯浜烘瀵涓浜哄姝ゅけ斤

杩灏辨瀵

ㄥ′欢濂界藉锛腑界ㄥ板猴锛瀹浠浼煎凡缁澶变锛浣瀹涓瀹浠舵跺诲浜虹被ュ悍锛讹瀹浠跺诲茬ュ悍锛

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(o)涓捐锛娉ョ锛

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ㄦ父锛浣浠ラ╁ユㄤ浜猴骞朵浠ヤ负瀵寮轰藉娣诲哄楂绐锛浠ュ寮哄惰寸宠村界藉杩凤浣堕瀵氨芥骞舵姝诲ㄤ汉绫讳锛

杩瑰浜虹被锛璁捐寮锛涔娉ョ锛

褰讹娓告绔父涓浠ｈ〃浜虹被杩涔瀹规琚浣杩涔浜虹被锛瀵褰涓ｄ濂芥圭

浜鸿ぇ锛耽杩汉璧

浠ョ涓

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涓㈣寮撅涓浜骞寸邯涓戒汉搴璇ヤ浼锛

涓涓绾50骞翠唬锛涓戒汉搴姣涓诲腑锛璧蜂娑歌杩寰澶版癸濡姹瑗夸姹锛ㄥ跺氨瀹ｅ宸茬璧颁绁锛浜琛歌

瀹靛芥娴じ锛浣涓介叉不琛歌锛界舵2011骞村锛涓借454涓锛甯猴琛歌娴琛锛浣璁″锛涓戒2016骞存歌

充究ㄩ娲诧ㄤㄥ藉瀹ｅ娑浜瀵杩汉绫昏虹浣锛煎楠茬锛浣扮涔ワ

瀵讹杩村锛

杩浜骞存ワㄨ澶瀵瑁杈惧藉锛涔腑界涓浜板猴锛瀵渚瓒ヨ灏锛ｄ韩剧杩绛剧浜哄瓒ヨ澶

绫讳技靛ㄥ楂藉板轰锛

1993骞达濮绉瀛Neil Lynch锛ㄥ璐绐锛浜瀵╃跨村杩х剧锛

ㄥ瓒绛涓藉绌朵腑锛浜涓瀵╃瀛跨锛芥剧ず轰村己杩搴锛

ㄤ椤归瀵2507浣涔骞茶揪瀛濡绌朵腑锛ㄥ浜瀵╃瀛濡锛濂逛滑瀛╁撮婀跨瑰椋┿

瀵浜剧涓锛

绉瀛锛浜浜瀵浜猴ｄ浜韩х剧姒锛炬ｄ瀵浜轰渚濡锛

姣棣舰绾胯璁颁锛㈠杩浼虹锛涓х‖寰灏跺锛浜瀵澶х‖浜猴告浜瀵浜猴磋交锛挎瑰环绉瀛Jorge Correale浜锛瀵叉澶х‖跺

涓浜跨锛澶瑰х纾锛锛浜ㄤやユ病瀹磋绉瀛锛濡瀛╁浣缇床╄浼艰绾胯姣棣舰绾胯瀵浠浠瑰搴ц剧锛瑰х氨朵腑涓绉锛椋╀浣

ㄥ板凹涓椤圭绌舵剧ず锛绫婚箍у宠ｈ浣锛芥病寰达涓绉瀵浜宸寸娣宸寸蹇澶ц绠′腑瀵瀛40%ュ悍浜轰浜杩绉瀵

涓㈣浜借杈姝ョ瑙瀵锛浣瀹浠凡缁甫缁浜哄褰浠ㄥ甯瀵跺锛璁ょ浠ヤ涓涓锛

浜衡娑锛浣浜锛

浠藉耽寰浜褰圭╋涓村烘浜锛

撮瑕浠瀵村跺ュ苟涓瑕浜锛瑕璋姹涓浠骞冲卞锛

浠ヨ锛浜鸿ぇ锛璋璧㈣杈锛寰捐с

浜锛璇璇瑰

绉瀛荤浜虹充釜ｈ繁锛ㄧㄥ璺佃璋卞濂藉锛涓㈠氨浜浼璁╀娲澶у浜锛

渚夸究瀵缇藉宸枫

杩寮炬棣舰绾胯涓㈡杩澶у璁颁涓瀹瀛ㄤ㈣浜瀛锛瀹浜虹涓昏涔涓锛

瀹姣勾7-10浜夸汉锛浣杩跺浠ョㄦユ不锛锛锛杩灏辩浣璁蹭涓ф浜娉板藉コ瀛╀究渚块姣棣舰绾胯碉灞舵不濂戒涓涓藉宸风婧℃х

婧℃х绉璁╀汉涓娆茬ц锛IBD锛锛寰澶跺锛杩荤芥病澶娉瀵逛瀹

浜宸蜂淇￠宸浜烘绱㈢簿绁璨浼奸芥杈寮猴锛锛荤涓界浠澶寤鸿锛浠灏辫繁绱缁浜浜濉澶ㄥぇ瀛Weinstockㄥㄥ娌荤韩剧绌讹杩缁浜浠寰澶у

锛Weinstock锛杩浣浜哄虫瀛瀹惰瀹讹宸ㄧ锛㈣浼颁绌讹

浜浠轰繁澶ц╁苟涓浜浜虹锛

2004骞达浠椋版嘲斤ㄥ板瀹剁甯╀锛姘村涓浜500涓棣舰绾胯碉杩浜垫ヨ涓骞9宀娉板藉コ瀛╃渚夸究锛

3涓宸峰涓1000涓碉杩浜垫佃揪浠骞跺ㄩｉ瀛靛叉锛挎浼灏澶村杩澹锛

灏辫峰颁2005骞村勾涓浠宸茬烘涓拌朵锛骞朵や跺瑕ㄤ浜╁锛涓瑕ㄥ朵浠讳╋

缁舵澶辫涓锛甯镐护浜洪锛

涓哄绾棣舰绾胯锛灏卞介规郴圭跺绛娑锛ㄤ浜绔渚涓杩浼辫锛涓ラ涔浼璐骞堕荤跨姝ｅ父垮诧

浣ㄨ涓垢杩宸疯韩涓锛瀵浣娌℃浠讹杩璁╃舵澶变锛澶т锛浣榄т姝锛

2008骞达宸峰婚㈠妫ワ渚夸究瀵典2007骞磋杩15000涓/颁7000涓/锛浼撮垫伴锛浠瑙缁跺ヤ

OMG锛锛

浠璧剁揣浜2000涓碉讹涓跺涔澹板胯抗锛缁澶妫锛缁锛瑕瀵ㄧㄤ锛灏卞灏规瀛

杩浣宸凤璇峰涓锛靛点

ㄥㄧ╄韩涓浜浠涔锛

璁插宸风浜锛璁╂浠扮瀛楠涓

姣绔涓涓宸锋浜锛骞朵戒唬琛ㄦ村浜轰浠ヨ峰锛娉锛瑕村涓ヨ皑瑙瀵瀹楠涓村楠璇

浠堕存ㄥN骞村锛

1999骞达妗ュぇ瀛Anne Cooke㈤锛ㄦ兼浣歌ヨ绯灏跨灏锛妯℃浜虹涓绯灏跨锛锛28%灏灞涓虹灏跨锛娌℃瀵灏涓73%藉浜绯灏跨

1999骞达宸锋不缁Weinstock浜绗娆″瀵戒よ榧涓寰缁杩涓跺璧蜂杞板

2004骞达芥ｄ涓瀛㈢绌跺㈤锛杩涓姝ヨ瀹ㄥ浜哄伐璇卞缁锛浠ラ绘剁浣

宸风骞歌绉瀛缁锛浠灏卞颁娌荤垫锛

ㄧ村韬锛绉瀛浠浜锛

2012骞达缇界航绾ぇ瀛瀹Png Loke锛ｆ㈡ц规郴村锛韩涓瀵涓浠规郴寰扮瑙ｏ涓缇や浜捐绉浠姝ｅㄤ汉韬稿崇绌躲

韩涓瀵锛句瀹浠涓烘浜虹被遍锛锛峰峰璇浣涓涓锛浜哄ㄧㄤ锛涓昏灏剧嚎锛涓锛

褰讹涓锛涔涓浼蹇浜璇浣锛绉ㄧ绫瑕姣2-3ㄦ绉涓娆°ラ杩负浠涔锛

杩涓轰汉骞朵灏剧嚎澶╃跺涓伙剧讹锛澶娆℃绉戒璇灏剧嚎浼寰蹇浜轰娓ゃ

(o)浠户缁

2015骞达卞界变″ぇ瀛绉瀛Mark Woolhouse㈤ㄨ凹浜讳500澶寸锛500澶达濂藉ぇ涓绗璐骇

浠浠褰浜杩浜浠虹颁宀寸姣缁瀵版琚绉姣杈娓╁瀵杩锛村芥т娴峰哺芥т浣89%锛

句杩瀵绫讳技浜锛璁革杩灏辨璋浠ユ绘锛浠ョ荤浠浠锛杩璁稿浠ョ浜虹被瀵规炬渚涓浜版璺

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ㄤ汉韬锛浠涔榄х锛

璇村璇锛瑙寰宸风浜锛灏辨浠涓烘榄х锛涓杩瑰卞ｇ涓锛绉娌荤锛杩浣宸峰浠绀轰濡浣渚绉瀛В宠繁锛褰讹绮浠瑕杞绘繁璇锛宸锋不杩绋杩绉瀛荤ㄧ瀵肩锛

浠ヨ璇村朵榄ф浜锛

2004骞达卞借涓姹澶у瀹David Pritchardㄤ汉韬锛繁锛锛瀵浠ユ藉瑙ｅ繁20骞村ㄥ反甯浜板浜瀵惰瀵扮版锛褰颁汉琚锛浣涔辩杩朵韩剧版般板浠锛浠㈤宸茬浜浼澶瀵浣х剧璇

2005骞达Weinstock锛涓㈠娆℃帮浜涓や釜浠や汉涓村瀹楠缁锛

3涓锛29婧℃хｈ锛姣2ㄥ涓2500涓碉朵腑44.8%ｈ寰版瑰锛娌℃电23ｈ锛17.4%寰版瑰锛

ㄥ涓涓充缃╃瀵圭х绌朵腑锛29ｈ锛6涓锛姣3ㄥ2500涓点6涓23浜烘撅朵腑21涓汉扮跺烘瑙ｃ

2008骞达ㄧ藉悍杈澶у锛绁缁╁瀹John Fleming涓绘涓椤瑰楠涓缁澶锋х‖ｈ姣袱ㄥ2500涓点浠浠濂锛ｈ舵颁钩6.6颁2锛姝㈠楠涓や釜跺㈠5.8锛

杩瀹涓涔渚ч㈠拌浜涓㈡扮涓涓璞★姣棣舰绾胯涓х‖寰灏跺

2015骞达婢冲ぇ╀瑭瑰澶уCinzia Cantacessi㈤ㄧ床垮绾胯涔崇娉伙涓绉瀵归害楹哥杩寮璧蜂弗规郴剧锛ｈ锛跺交锛舵ｈ缇ゅ寰村涓板锛缇や姝よ裤

浠ヤ杩浜瑙瀵瀹楠涓村缁锛浼间介绀虹ㄥ不涓浜剧锛寰璋便

杩浼缁涓浠涔轰锛

ㄥㄤ锛涓瑙寰寰锛ㄥ娉绌跺苟涓澶繁ョ跺锛灏卞凡缁浜虹浜杩归㈢轰锛涓ㄧ缁ョ稿充°

浠浠借藉共浜浠涔

瀵Щ妞

2007骞达AgliettiLawrenceㄧ藉浜涓瀹跺韩娉锛杩ヤ咯浠浜鸿繁绮究涓瑰诲跺浜轰浠ユ娌荤剧锛姣惰垂2000-3000缇

涓渚垮锛浣椤惧ヤ璋璁╃寰杩韩浜洪ｄ澶锛锛ヤ咯肩瑕涓哄璞

濂芥匡2009骞达缇FDA瑙瀹瀵浜╁跺锛蹇椤荤涓ユ肩涓村璇楠浠ョㄤ不剧浣浠浠娌℃稿宠璐浜涓绗瀹跺涓灏辨抽ㄣ

浣Lawrence杩ㄧ户缁涓涓锛浠颁绂荤戒杩澧ㄨタワㄨ缁х画涓烘按娣辩缇戒汉姘渚瀵共棰★缁х画ｇ宀宀缇锛

瀵

ㄥ虫敞姣棣舰绾胯点电涓锛镐俊寰蹇琚弗奸璇绠＄浜у锛杩朵腑澶т浆绾т涓涓

寰峰界惰缇藉″╃锛浠浠寰澶э涓浠甯藉瀵娉搴ㄤ缃╃澶锋х‖锛杩ㄧ绌舵搴ㄤｃ涓绯灏跨冲跨锛

杩浼浜剧ｈ绂充锛浠互寰с

寮╋

涓浜绉瀛璁や负瀵诲涓锛娲荤瀵瀹浠垫浜轰骇娌荤锛璁轰浠娉虹瑰瀛╄川璧风浣ㄣ

缇借诲㈢HotezWeinstock锛拌绮杈锛杩㈡拌Weinstock锛藉ㄥ涓浜绌讹甯藉惧拌风瀛瀛锛灏卞ㄩ涓惧伴绱涓枫浠浠凡缁浜涓浜杩灞锛姣濡浜瀵娉涓绉借芥剁界娲绘э涓绉芥浣ㄣ

卞芥兼ュぇ瀛MargaretHarnett㈤锛浜涓绉涓骇绯ES-62锛藉濂藉版跺宠骞惰芥剁被椋箍宠ｈ浣搴

璁稿ㄨ风绌朵腑锛浠浠ユ惧扮被浼间绱╄川锛涔涓ラ浜杩浜绌讹璋ラ浠ュ璇涓

瀵浜哄板浠涔崇郴锛

濂戒锛娲(m貌)娲(m貌)娲(j墨)娲(j墨)浜浜澶瀛锛界拌绮涓轰硅锛

涓杩充浼涓凤瀛宸茬浜璁稿锛

杩涓板负浠涔

瀵戒娉浜╄川ュ府╀汉瀵规剧锛浣瀹浠瑰浜浠涔锛

瀵浜虹郴缁浠ュ板磋荤硷蜂锛

瀵芥瑰浜虹缇わ浠ラ绂汉锛蜂锛

姝ゅ蹇椤绘ュ撅浣锛

浜瀵杩浜戒绱IL-22娉锛杩蜂汉灏辨村琚慨澶绮娑蹭浼村锛浜瀵浜浜杈T缁锛Th2锛娲昏锛芥村ソ瀵规锛N绉锛绐剁宸ㄥ藉浠ヨ瀵瀵煎烘撮娲绘э

        (o)蜂锛

杩浜鸿锛ㄨ杩绋涓浜哄瀵舰浜寮虹辩崇郴锛褰浜哄お锋ㄤ澶璁插跺锛灏变璁┾瀵捣璐煎锛ㄩ㈡诲浜虹韬锛缁稿璁╀汉姝讳骸濡浜虹ユ绌跺锛浠ラ挎卞锛浜╀

      杩锛浣镐俊涔锛

韬灏锛浠ュ妫锛浠ュ琛翠凤娴涓涓瀵ㄦ甯哥洪村硷

充澶╃涔娉纭拌В杩浜锛灏卞共杩浜ㄨ锛渚澶у锛涔甯藉板ぇ瀹剁瑙ｇ

璁╂扳璇粹

瀵不浜锛涓ラ浣瑙寰璇存杩归锛

浣ラ浜璇达ㄦ浠甯瀛╁瀹朵汉繁ュ悍跺锛鹃灏辨瑙瑗裤澶娉ュ反杩涔绠涔锛

璇村凡缁浜涓浜淇锛淇杩瀹规涔锛搴璇ュ浣璁╁绉瀛版瀵兼浠

璇峰瑙ｏ

璧

灏锛浜鸿浜1-3锛璇风寰俊涓绡绔

http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20130422-feeling-ill-swallow-a-parasite

http://www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/articles/article/the-hygiene-hypothesis-unraveled/

https://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/worms-germs-and-dirt-what-can-they-teach-us-about-allergies-and-autoimmune-diseases/

http://www.besthealthmag.ca/best-you/health/can-hookworms-cure-allergies

http://io9.com/5933615/why-doctors-are-treating-allergies-with-parasitic-worms

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/helminthic-therapy-mucus/

http://clippings.ilri.org/2015/04/21/parasites-to-the-resuce-study-suggests-dual-infections-may-help-control-livestock-and-human-infectious-diseases/

http://www.infectionlandscapes.org/2011/12/helminths.html

http://www.talkingpost.org/parasites-to-the-rescue/

绔锛杞璇烽欢绯伙

lanch@biomed.tsinghua.edu.cn

=甯╀汉+ュ悍+娓绉枫浜璋憋涓寮楂娣便绉瀛浜璁猴绔村璁寰涓ㄥ浜ゆ