涓轰璺浜涓汉璧帮浜澹寰峰璇浣浠涔

濂杩浣虫锛㈡涓娈佃风姝璇锛

娌℃

纭涔娌℃涓磋翰跨

浠涔澶т

涓轰хュ繁ㄦ涓拌

璋杩娌℃杩涓涓ゆ杩风缁蹇浜哄ワ惧绁浼ゃ

浠负浠涔浜ゆ锛涓轰涔浠浠寮锛涓轰涔浼浠璇涓璋蹇搁锛版琛娓杩寸绯涓绉碉璋灏癸璇寸炕灏辩炕锛浠负浠涔涓浜浜猴杩澶╂动娴疯锛浠涓涓よ哥э

涓ゅ澶骞村锛灏卞凡缁浜鸿惧璇浠妗

浜澹寰峰憋friendship锛瑙涓轰绉寰锋э浠璇村辨灏锛涓椤荤涓轰汉朵澶у扮╀凤轰介瑕便

浜虹璋澶х害璇浜骞存朵唬娓告涓浠艰煎归璺崇锛板娌涓杩瀹跺锛Н涓灏浼翠璧锋浼版村蹇

涓浠濡姝わ浠韩寤跺锛甯╂浠涓戒浜锛淇浣挎浠拌姝ャ

浜澹寰疯璇达

辫绯昏捣ョ绾藉甫锛绔娉浠瑙辫杩锛㈢锛concord锛灏辩被浼间扁汉浠借涓猴姝ｇ灏卞

Friendship seems too to hold states together, and lawgivers to care more for it than for justice; for concord seems to be something like friendship and the truest form of justice is thought to be a friendly quality.

涓杩锛浠涓ョ璁鸿堪浼杞风挎不卞浣锛灏变ㄦ浠澶╃璁ㄨ村浜

浠涔卞

娌℃棣憋no return of affection锛涓界О涔涓哄便渚濡锛浠涓涓躲涓寮х憋归㈠涓汉浠猴藉goodwill锛宸层辩璧风癸灏灞扁浜澹寰疯锛

镐芥辨便

But to those who thus wish good we ascribe only goodwill, if the wish is not reciprocated; goodwill when it is reciprocal being friendship.

涓杩寰褰兼界ラ浠ワ辨镐

杩浣澶у插瀹跺煎辩锛worthy of love锛浜╁涓轰绉锛ㄧ浠や汉蹇锛useful, pleasant, good锛姝や琛轰绉便

绗绉╁剧便浜澹寰疯锛

ㄨ浜辩浜轰瀵规硅韩涔锛甯瀵规瑰ソ锛锛戒瑰扮濂藉辩

Now those who love each other because of utility do not love each other for themselves but in virtue of some good which they get from each other.

浠璁や负杩绉扁甯歌浜骞翠汉浠ュ浠ヨ╀负涓勾浜哄骞翠汉涔涓

This kind of friendship seems to exist chiefly between old people (for at 25 that age people pursue not the pleasant but the useful) and, of those who are in their prime or young, between those who pursue utility.

涓杩锛ㄤ汉灏骞存朵唬锛涔浼轰ㄢ缁浜ゆ浜哄杩绉浜哄 ta 瑕浣跺琛ㄧ哄浣憋跺澶憋寰涔涔锛锛浠ㄨ涓峰锛涓烘涓瀵 taㄢ浜琚╃ㄧ浜哄ュ哥跺锛浼板

绗绉轰揩涔憋姝わ涓规锛杩风卞氨瀹规磋

[T]heir friendship changes with the object that is found pleasant, and such pleasure alters quickly.

杩绉卞ぇ绾浠ヤㄢ韬锛ta 浠变韩绾补轰浣蹇濡杩绉蹇姝锛璋涔灏遍缁浜澹寰疯涓猴跺骞翠汉涔寸变技涔芥负浜蹇锛灏辫浠浠变涓昏椹变娇锛浠ュ揩涔涓哄虹

[T]he friendship of young people seems to aim at pleasure; for they live under the guidance of emotion, and pursue above allwhat is pleasant to themselves and what is immediately before them; but with increasing age their pleasures become different.

锛浜锛浣璇村濂藉浠勾杞讳汉寰ゆ涓枫

ㄤ澹寰风ワ涓ょ轰ㄢ蹇遍芥舵х锛incidental锛憋涔锛姝ゆ浼хュ繁ㄦ涓拌杩绉浜

Such friendships, then, are easily dissolved, if the parties do not remain like themselves; for if the one party is no longer pleasant or useful the other ceases to love him.

充究凤浜澹寰蜂惰涓猴蹇辨存杩浜纭便

浜澹寰锋璇寸绗绉锛涔灏辨姝ｅ扁锛ソ浜哄ㄥ痉т镐技浜轰寸扁

Perfect friendship is the friendship of men who are good, and alike in virtue.

杩涔浠璇达ㄨ风遍锛

涓姣归藉瀵规硅韩涔甯瀵规瑰ソ锛 [T]hese wish well alike to each otherquagood, and they are good in themselves锛锛灏辨浠圭瑙搴垮圭筹

浜姣规㈠ㄦ讳涓锛稿浜浠や汉ㄧ锛And each is good without qualification and to his friend, for the good are both good without qualification and useful to each other.锛涔灏辨锛杩娈垫涓姣圭ч芥锛涓杩娈靛璋寰煎辩浜╃ｄ绉瑰锛ㄧ浠や汉蹇锛

涓姣逛绉变腑寰扮涓瑗块芥稿镐技锛 [F]riendships are most permanent when the friends get the same thing from each other, and not only that but also from the same source.锛

杩涓瑰ソ句互瑙ｏ浜澹寰蜂妇浜涓涓渚锛

辫锛lover锛琚辫锛beloved锛变凤涓轰浠稿浜╀腑寰板揩涔辫蹇ㄤ敞瑙琚辫锛琚辫蹇ㄤ辫瀵逛娉ㄨ褰琚辫ラ锛辨跺氨浼娉ㄨ涓缁辫蹇锛琚辫涔寰涓扮辫娉ㄨ锛

For these do not take pleasure in the same things, but the one in seeing the beloved and the other in receiving attentions from his lover; and when the bloom of youth is passing the friendship sometimes passes too (for the one finds no pleasure in the sight of the other, and the other gets no attentions from the first).

浠澶ф宠琛ㄨ揪锛辩杩绋镐锛mutual锛锛ユ寰锛涓涓涓挎涓涓挎ㄢ锛朵瑕蹇瓒ｇ告锛姣绔辩杩浼肩浠峰艰浜猴浼浠绉变腑寰扮稿镐技涓瑗裤

杩绉辨绂婚寸涔灏辨锛版ㄨ寮锛涓姝ｇ浠ュ拌绉碉灏变瑕澶句

澶涔插碉浜澹寰疯锛凤姝ｅ锛辨灏锛But it is natural that such friendships should be infrequent; for such men are rare.锛涓ゅ澶骞磋浜锛杩娌℃杩

煎涓浜澹寰疯颁变腑骞崇浠璇达

辩浜哄氨ㄧ辩韩涓猴褰涓涓ソ浜烘涓鸿繁锛涓涓汉灏卞颁涓绉浠ワ姣归芥㈢辩繁锛杩甯瀵规瑰ソ锛杩缁浠蹇锛ョ瀵规广浠ヤ汉浠卞氨钩绛

And in loving a friend men love what is good for themselves; for the good man in becoming a friend becomes a good to his friend. Each, then, both loves what is good for himself, and makes an equal return in goodwill and in pleasantness; for friendship is said to be equality, and both of these are found most in the friendship of the good.

骞崇辩э涓骞崇崇郴蹇瀹涓浼夸涓哄充究轰╃ㄤ环煎蹇憋浠跺骞崇锛浣浠钩绛版渚绉涓瑗匡甯寰骞崇濂藉浣涓轰氦崇郴涓骞崇变腑锛姣归借姹寰版村锛杩风璇锛璋灏瑰瀹规缈荤

浣浼杩风锛娆㈠拌浜猴ㄨ璇冲涔瀵逛棰涓哄杩涓猴琚辩瑙杩浜颁汉杩芥琚浜ｈ瑙锛being loved seems to be akin to being honoured锛锛ta 涓虹辫ｈ辫锛浠ユ存挎辫涓便

涓杩锛杩风藉句缁寸郴锛姣绔涓骞崇辨芥涔浣瑕界杩涓璐ｄ换

浣杩杩风锛璇冲板寰锛存板逛澶锛杩涔璁告繁浜浜澹寰疯锛涓辨芥告锛芥浼间寸卞颁╂浜恒锛 [F]or the flatterer is a friend in an inferior position, or pretends to be such and to love more than he is loved.锛

杩ㄧ辨㈡风浜澹寰疯涓猴辫锛芥锛浠猴涓绉瀹璺垫椿ㄣ瀵规锛锛ヨ锛寰扮涔璁稿浜涓澶т护浜烘涓辩濂藉杩灏辫ｄ釜a 宠规锛b 村冲冲缁浜 a 棣浜涓凤涓や釜浜洪芥板灞娌″娉锛璋 b a 澶涓浜

浣甯稿父辨ㄤ寰涓澶濂界版瑰锛蹇璇 ta锛浜澹寰烽借浜锛

辨ㄥ璐ｄ富瑕瀛ㄤㄧ变腑锛寰锋у蹇娌℃寰灏辨ㄣ

Complaints and reproaches arise either only or chiefly in the friendship of utility

浠ユ浠瑕辨ㄥ

涓绠℃凤褰ㄢ蹇戒瑙浜锛辩纭缁姝㈢锛浣涓借浜璐ｈ绉剁瑙寰浣ｇ辨充娇辩缁浜锛杩变浠搴褰瀵规ョ崇с

Should he, then, behave no otherwise towards him than he would if he had never been his friend? Surely he should keep a remembrance of their former intimacy, and as we think we ought to oblige friends rather than strangers, so to those who have been our friends we ought to make some allowance for our former friendship, when the breach has not been due to excess of wickedness.

姝わ浠瀵硅蹇瀛婵

夸ユｇ姝ｅ便

浜澹寰枫灏煎椹浼瀛涓辨涓ょ璇

剧ヨ缃