榫涓ご涓哄ラｄ澶э

ヨ绫绘榫浠涓烘ㄥ扮涓琛璧拌澶уㄧ┿惰锛瀹浠绁村涓璧风笺灏变宀歌韩韬抽ㄥ浠灏阀绁韬灏卞凡茬

瀹浠ご板熬垮害锛稿浜杈浼灞宸村＋棣灏剧告瀹浠腑澶х绉绫伙浠ヤ村３烘剁10锛涓撮垮版骞存剁100ㄣ瀹浠垮氨ㄩヨ榫搴澶х韬函О绌哄缁娌℃浠讳ㄧ╄戒濯茬

杩浜瓒宠璧扮搴跺ぇ╃娲讳绾藉╃邯锛璺浠2浜垮勾6 500涓骞村锛锛ユ涓绯诲瑰韬缁锛璁╁浠介垮颁护浜哄涓鸿姝㈢灏哄姊榫锛Diplodocus锛榫锛Brachiosaurus锛朵歌绫荤兢ヨ绫伙Sauropods锛澶浜块跨瀛浠ュぇ寮村反涓风榻匡涓蹇璐瑰绉诲ㄧ胯锛娑ㄦ涓瀛琚灏辫芥澶ч瀛杩瀹浠楠pelvis锛块缓虹瀹楠ㄦ讹瓒充互垮韩涓┖妞锛虫榫妞锛稿杈灏澶撮ㄥ交浜韩璐凤浠ユ搴宸ㄥぇ韬瑰楠ㄩ叉ā寮骞煎勾ヨ绫诲浠ュ匡姣勾澧濂藉ㄣ

夸浠ユワ╁瀹堕借涓猴杩浜瑙ｅ缁涓扮瑰ㄥぇヨ绫荤韬舵宕插ご瑙锛涔灏辨锛ヨ绫绘杩绋涓瑰х剁寮虹涓浠韩浣灏哄磋姝ョ惰锛杩骞存ョ浼澶村璇浠ヨ绫昏韩浣缁涓璁稿瑕╂扳╁氨ㄦ╂ヨ褰㈡榫锛early sauropodomorphs锛韬虹浜杩绉稿涓璧风肩绁绫诲锛浼跺╅╁瀹朵缃路宸撮风癸Paul Barrett锛绉板浠负榫瀹舵腑遍

╂ヨ褰㈡榫ㄤ袱″跨寸琛璧帮瀹ㄤユ捐但涓剁绗ㄩ宸ㄥ姐浣浜灏浼跺唬存㈡㈠锋浜绉搴э瑰浜韩杩椋杩ㄥ煎哥瑰杩璁╄ヨ绫绘缁挎浜搴跺ぇ┿

ヨ绫诲苟涓涓轰釜瀛澶фユ杩浜瑰锛挎瑰环归峰╀锛Trelew锛杩ゥ路璐归╁ゥ╁╅╁瀹惰开路娉㈠锛Diego Pol锛璇达版扮稿锛瀹浠涓哄釜瀛绁宸茬峰浜杩浜瑰锛挎ｄ澶х

绗舵锛ュ涔韬

杩浜ヤ涓璁稿稿崇抽芥ヨ涔帮挎瑰环涓浜版广

2006骞达╁瀹堕″路椹ｅ癸Ricardo Martinez锛ㄩ挎瑰环瑗垮ㄧ娌婕涓浜涓濂绌朵环肩楠ㄩ瀹浠骇涓涓宀╃充腑锛浠ヨ拷婧2.3浜垮勾锛杩姝ｆ涓绗规榫寮濮虹堕淬椹ｅ瑰浠╁杩挎瑰环ｈ″剁瀛╅辫垂版堕寸浜涓涓棰楠ㄤ村博涓浜烘ャ浠杩绉榫榻跨杈圭锋绮澶х娇锛杩楂绾ょ淮妞╅搴с浣朵╂榫存ユ缁灏娇锛撮茶绫汇杩涓瀹璁╅┈ｅ规帮浠ｄヨ绫诲ぇ瀹朵灏釜瀛绁瀹堕绁稿杈澶х澶撮锛浣浠榻跨锛存村椋уㄧ┿

2009骞达椹ｅ瑰峰伐浣浜ｈ″╅濂ユ÷烽垮搴浼Oscar Alcober锛璁や负锛杩蜂瀹寸楠ㄩ┿濮ヨ褰㈡榫锛骞舵堪浜瀹褰㈣薄瀹浠ヤ袱瓒宠璧帮1.6绫筹涓￠垮熬宸达韬浮镐豢锛涓7锝8椹ｅ瑰瀹藉涓衡棣绁婊ラ榫锛Panphagia protos锛涓绗浠涔藉榫锛锛浠ュ绁瀹韪浜浠椋版椋绗姝ャ

宸撮风硅涓猴ㄢ璇卞韬浣绉库璇稿绱涓妞椋椋涔涓╂椋濂藉ㄦ椋╂归浼【涔蹇с澶уヨ绫讳腑澶х绉绫绘ぉ瑕娑杩1ㄩ╋瀹浠案杩娉惧般拌冻澶娲荤╂ユ弧瓒虫ュ父瑕

涓锛寰峰芥尝╁ぇ瀛╁瀹堕┈涓路妗寰凤Martin Sander锛璁や负锛浼缁妞椋娈典涓拌涓广ヨ绫绘榫法澶х垮氨浼娑寰澶介姝ゅ浠缁颁濂瑗胯蛋锛╃ㄦュㄥごㄧ瑰版跺叉

瑕璁╄绉瑙椋规涓哄斤涓￠块跨瀛蹇涓灏锛浣濡杩¤瀛ㄧ卞蹇妞缁锛ｅ氨澶浜煎搴骞哥澶уヨ绫荤妞涓甯婊″娲杩浜楠pneumatic bone锛涓哄蹇楠ㄧ35%锛浠ヨヨ绫荤棰ㄩ垮15绫抽匡缇藉╃凹浜宸娉㈣绾冲ュ悍绉瀛タㄥぇ瀛Western University of Health Sciences锛╁瀹堕┈淇烽痉灏锛Mathew Wedel锛濡楠ㄧ涓┖ㄥ戒涓姘锛air sac锛歌锛姘╀绌烘硅洪锛楂杩浜澶у浼煎哥杩姝ｆ浠ｉ绫荤瑰绛ャ濡娌℃杩浜姘渚棰澶瀹归ㄦ兼讹ヨ绫诲氨涓芥绉ㄩ涓涓伴绌烘骞插瀹浠哄お灏娉杩椤逛换°

璧锋ワ妞ぇ浣搁搴х朵浣榄痉灏村ㄤ绉涓衡娼榫锛Pantydraco锛灏╂ヨ褰㈡榫韬浜瀹舰瀹棰ㄦ涓涓浜归凤浣缃濂戒ヨ绫绘涓瀛娲稿搴

ｄ锛杩浜舰姘姘楠ㄦ峰府╁釜瀛榫绌惰娴锛瀹浠浠ユ楂姘ф浜ゆ㈢ㄦ╂ヨ褰㈡榫娲荤浜绾虫╀涓锛璺浠2.6浜垮勾锝2.4浜垮勾锛锛澶ф涓姘ф搴浣澶╃姘村钩锛杩浜榫绁姝ｆ浠杩涓癸璐ヤ朵唬朵绔浜

绗舵锛骞村板

╃ヨ褰㈡榫浣灏阀琛ㄨ锛澶浠ヤ袱瓒宠璧般瀹浠戒互搴锛韬茶椋杩藉汇惰锛瀹浠ㄨ涓杩虹涓涓姝ュ存澧モ锛韬光2锝10绫抽裤

杩绫烩稿ヨ绫烩锛core prosauropods锛榫宸茬ユ宠褰锛浠ヨ拷婧颁绾濮锛冲ぇ绾2浜垮勾姣璧风ワ瀹浠瀛韬共撮匡韬村ぇ锛夸渚涓稿杈涓绯诲瑰璁╁ヨ绫荤垫椿уぇｏ浣瀹浠浣宸茬澶э╀璇韩瀹ㄣ

杩绉插尽藉ㄥョヨ绫绘榫韬寰颁绔浣骞磋ヨ绫诲涔浼浠讳椋渚垫帮涓哄浠韬姣澶х椋借澶т涓伴骇锛妗寰疯锛韩匡灏辨病釜诲昏缁寰鸿村戒汇

濡ヨ绫诲ぇ澶扮ㄧ╅ｆ风跨ｄ瑕垮拌冻澶澶у变惧骞淬浣杩蜂ワ杈灏骞煎勾榫撮插ㄥ遍╀腑堕村氨骞淬浜瀹涓宸叉璇〃杩绫绘榫块搴姣浠ｇㄧ╁揩寰澶

妗寰疯锛抽╂拌扮氦缁村堕锛fibrolamellar bone锛锛瀹查缁涓や釜舵缓楠ㄦ剁稿蹇楠ㄩ搴澶╁氨藉0.1姣背杩涔㈡㈠～楠ㄨ川杩骞翠腑锛妗寰峰朵绌惰藉ㄥヨ绫诲抽楠肩缁锛璁板朵腑绾ょ淮灞堕虹棰浼拌锛杩绫诲ㄧ╂勾浠ュ板ㄧ浣

惰锛杩绉瑰╁ㄥ法ヨ绫诲虹寰涔灏卞濮戒2005骞达妗寰峰浠绌剁灏煎路锛Nicole Klein锛ラ璇达涓绉稿ヨ绫绘榫韬绾ょ淮灞堕瀛ㄧ杩硅薄杩绉涓烘块锛Plateosaurus锛榫娲讳涓涓锛介垮扮害10绫抽裤妗寰风绌朵寰峰40澶锋块楠ㄩ锛瀹浠胯冻涓ご瑕12骞淬

濡姝ゅ揩块搴俯琛ㄧ╃瑰锛ㄥ疯ㄧ╀腑骞朵稿涓锛涓浜榫藉凡楂浜韩浣娓┿浠骞5锛缇藉ㄨ开绾冲宸宸ュ㈢扮瀛缃浼孤蜂硷Robert Eagle锛跺浜ラ璇达涓ょ宸ㄥヨ绫烩榫椤堕锛Camarasaurus锛浣娓╂浠ｇ婚楂5锝12

块朵ヨ绫诲ㄨВ缁涓浜胯冻杩姝ワ杩瀵瑰浠唬韬负浼宀镐韬璐＄姣濡锛杩瀹浠卞跨妞sacrum锛灏卞颁寮哄╂ヨ褰㈡榫涓ゆ妞(sacral vertebrae)锛浣ヨ绫诲存涓锛戒负韬渚村己

杩浜韬缁涓灞锛涓鸿ヨ绫荤椋璺寮娉ㄥヤ介璁╁浠ㄦ涓涓寰浠ヤ互椋榫杩蜂7╂ヨ褰㈡榫锛婕杈4ㄧ块ヨ褰㈡榫杩2 500涓骞达璁╂浠璇颁藉涓蹇锋фх浣澧匡甯瀹璇烘惧╂灏绾宠开璇郝峰╃揪缁撮块挎瑰环剁瀛╅╁瀹堕┈涓路惧瑰锛Martin Ezcurra锛璇淬

绗舵锛疯妯

涓浜杩筹浠ヨヨヨ褰㈡榫杩绗绡绔锛杩ヨ绫婚舵锛nearsauropods锛浜褰路 锛Adam Yates锛绾堪″规规板痉澶у锛University of Witwatersrand锛╁瀹讹浠褰ュ板灏辨捐涓舵筹绀鸿ヨ褰㈡榫韬瓒冲ㄧ╃绉瀵

浠涓涓Spion Kop灞辨涓浜澶цㄦ澶达涓灞涓灞锛璇达虫虫浠浜ｄ澶楠ㄦ讹㈣缁灏寮辩澶撮涓ㄥ锛浠氨ラ锛杩釜澶у

骞达浜灏杩涓扮藉涓鸿瑰扮锛Aardonyx celestae锛浠辨榫涓棰楠ㄥ烘璁や负扮涓ら缂轰瀹锛涓浼ㄥ寮存惰捣朵ㄣ杩绉榫涔涓ㄥ╁勾浜叉涓峰灏间锛瀹浠ユ村寰甯稿ぇ锛璞婊℃弧涓靛涓

杩绉搴х瑰锛璁╂跨棰椤瑰ㄨヨ绫讳腑寮濮磋捣锛涓烘浜瀹灏辨ユ绮澹棰ㄨ宸ㄥ澶撮ㄣ涓哄浠惧浜硷胯瀛浼匡妗寰疯

扮渚涓よ冻琛璧帮村凡缁浜涓浜瓒宠ヨ绫荤块ㄧ瑰锛姝ユ涔绗ㄦ杩缂缇介┈绉濮瑗夸╄ぇ瀛Western Illinois University锛╁瀹堕┈淇  娉㈠锛Matthew Bonnan锛ラ扮ｇ绔浣涔涓浠璇达杩绉榫￠姣匡浣ㄦ╁ヨ褰㈡榫韬锛杩涓ゆ楠ㄥご存樊涓澶绛跨瑰氨浠ヨ锛杩绉ㄧ╀负搴锛瑰ㄤ锛娉㈠璇浠烽

扮涓灞哄瓒冲ㄧ╃搴сㄧ姝ｇヨ绫讳腑锛㈢涓ゆ归块浼浜ら告ｏinterlock锛锛璁╄挎村缁瀹扮涓㈠凡缁鸿绉ｅ㈢舰浜锛浣涓绔涓歌ㄥ扮浠ュ涓涓洪涓榫锛Melanorosaurus锛浜茬绉涔锛娉㈠灏辨鸿涓涓璇达璁や负涓㈤ｅ浼寮杩杩绋涓澶绫宠搴锛璁┾撮浜璧扮浠剧绀猴杩浜搴ц〃涓哄楠ㄥご缁煎у界锛integrated functional suite锛褰㈠骞朵剧涓哄ㄥ凡瀹ㄦ瓒宠ヨ绫昏韩涓棣娆″杩浜瑰ㄤ璇ヨ锛杩涓璇村磋涓よ冻扮瑰缁姣浜

浠骞达娉㈠堪浜涓疯ヨ绫诲筹缁浜娉㈠璇翠互娌涓汇杩绉涓哄榄规╁╁ゥ灏兼榫锛Leonerasaurus taquetrensis锛╀涓锛early Jurassic锛榫锛韬垮2.5绫筹涓よ冻琛璧帮浣瀹绔妞灏卞ㄥ骞达涓杩锛妞瓒虫村瑰

娉㈠杩锛╁ゥ灏兼榫锋澶剧褰㈠榻匡藉妞╄杩ワ杩涔ョヨ绫诲镐技杩绉夸2.5绫冲磋韩艰澶ヨ绫荤瑰ㄧ╋姝ｅ府╀汉浠鸿ヨ绫昏板炬娉㈠璇达杩骞板炬宸茬杩虫棰涓夸

绌惰浠敞帮╁ゥ灏兼榫朵宸茬ョヨ褰㈡榫戒ヨ绫荤姝ｇ涓哄宠褰甯搁舵ｏ浠ラ甯告娉璇烘涓绫荤兢寸郴绁浣渚绾ヨ绫诲杩ヨ绫绘淇瀛淇℃搴璇ヤ浼虹ㄦョヨ绫荤韬

绗舵锛瓒崇

璁稿涓涓╀涓ヨ褰㈡榫㈠涓よ冻琛璧板藉瓒崇帮瑙瑕瀹浣2008骞达宸撮藉跺╅╁瀹剁路夸鸡锛Ronan Allain锛╂ユ宸寸圭缃榛寰蜂涓澶у╁瀹剁撼浜孤烽垮锛Najat Aquesbi锛堪浜╀涓涓绉ㄧ╋瀹浼间凡瀹ㄩ瓒宠璧颁

夸鸡璇达浠浠ュ濉硅揪榫锛Tazoudasaurus锛瑙浣宸茬ユヨ绫烩姝ゅ榫ユ浜块挎楠杩绉9绫抽跨ㄧ┾绮撮浜垮夸鸡灏濉硅揪榫褰ヤ涓ヨ绫荤扮被缇や腑锛骞跺杩涓被缇ょО涔涓衡榫锛Gravisauria锛

杩璇寸稿锛澶хヨ绫诲杩浜9 000涓骞存虹颁藉╃邯锛宠〃涓浜ヨ绫诲浠ラ垮40绫抽匡杈100ㄣ惰锛涓ヨ褰㈣╂舵╂扮告锛杩浜瑰涓杩╂韬寤烘浜稿灏璋磋宸层

ヨ绫荤浜灞绀轰棰搴锛pre-adaptation锛瑕р浜х舵腑х锛搴绉ㄩ锛村ㄥュ锋浜卞э浠ュ绉板姐杩浜х堕瀹浜涓涓氨绯绘ョ杩璺嚎锛浣ㄢ浜浜煎ョ锛瀹浠村负浜绌惰浠腑瑕瑰剁跺ㄤ璧风锛姣濡宸ㄥ锛gigantism锛ヨ绫荤杩纭鸿锛宸х浜╁濂戒浜姝ｈ建锛榄痉灏璇达ㄩ宸ㄥ璺涓ヨ绫诲ㄦ杩冲浼间借蛋浜濂借

锛浣锛寮峰痉路甯浼缈昏锛锛瀹℃★㈢杈撅