淇℃缁朵浣澶ц锛

ㄤ娓浣濂戒瀹规卞ㄦ村, ㄥ涓绠寮濮ュ颁澶╃宸ヤ浣浠唬浜椤逛腑纭浜瑕澶浜杩讹涓瑙寮圭璇浣杩ュ浼杩缁涓㈤璇稿骞磋交充浣锛涓ゆ辩灏涔绫荤哥伴汇杩朵腑撮绐涓轰99ㄧ浣环杩杈硅娌℃ュ缈婚涓欢锛韬哄涓ㄥㄥ璇浣扮缁灏辨姣釜淇℃藉ㄨэ涓瑕ｈ揣锛蹇版纰ワ锛浣瀛椤剧涓涓澶杩浜淇℃村璁版寮濮搴璇ヨ浜

ㄤ浠诲′村揩浣璁や负ㄥ涓堕翠瀵规欢浜界ч【ㄥ帮瀹村苟娌℃Earl Miller

D.Kahneman锛1973锛ㄥ瀛剧轰涓璁猴璧婧璁猴resource allocation model锛锛涔璧婧璁恒杩涓璁哄惧浜娉ㄦ绉瀹归╂哄讹璁や负澶ц涓涓涓姝澹榛甯ぇ浣涓ぎ澶璐璐ｇ杩浜娉ㄦ婧锛涓昏灏扁缁浠诲″澶灏浠ュ濡浣璋瑙ｄ换￠寸锯灞寮涓绯诲瑕宸ヤ涓浠诲″娉ㄦ婧姹骞朵稿锛惧害澶х璁ょヤ换★浣涓锛瑕娑村娉ㄦ婧锛惧害杈灏璁ょヤ换★欢锛搴ㄥ锛榧诲锛璁ょヤ换″瑕杈灏璁ょヨ婧瑕褰澶绉浠诲′瓒杩浜烘韩娉ㄦ婧锛ｄ浜鸿藉涓堕翠蹇澶multitasking锛锛浣涓换℃璧婧瓒鸿繁藉讹ｄ浜轰滑绗浠朵跺锛绗浠朵璐ㄩ浼涓

ｄㄥ绉浠诲′瓒杩浜烘韩璧婧讹浠氨浠ヤ换у颁蹇澶ㄥ澶涓绌惰〃浠诲″跺浜轰甯ュぇ浼ゅ锛涓昏涓缁璁ょヤ缁归㈢浼ゅ

涓蹇澶ㄤ甯ヨュ界浼ゅ

ヨぇ瀛Eyal Ophira绛绌惰ｄ甯稿父ㄥ伐浣涓绉濯浣锛佃缃缁堕虫恒佃涔涓涓绯荤濯浣锛卞杩ㄧ浜烘村扮澧涓冲烘褰卞锛浠ュㄧ扮淇℃涓句互

绌堕ㄩ风轰袱绉琚锛涓绉父舵澶绉濯浣浜猴涓蹇澶ㄧ锛涓绉父浣跨ㄥ灏涓绉濯浣浜猴涓蹇涓ㄧ锛涓轰妫娴缁父涓蹇澶ㄧ浜烘村琚崇蹇╁稿锛瀹楠姣釜琚娴璇 filter task Continuous Performance Task n-back Task Switching浠诲°

Filter task浠诲″瀹瑰绠锛琚瑕ゆ涓涓や釜绾㈣查挎瑰舰涓揣虹涓や釜绾㈣查挎瑰舰瑰涓达A锛锛虫敞朵查挎瑰舰冲蹇╋查挎瑰舰锛4涓淮搴虹锛0涓2涓4涓6涓

瀹楠缁琛ㄦB锛冲蹇╃澧锛涓蹇澶ㄨ锛HMM锛琛ㄧ瓒ヨ宸涓蹇涓ㄨ锛LMM锛杞绘捐炽

绗涓换Continuous Performance Task姹琚褰灞涓虹AX杩涓や釜哄瀛姣椤哄舵搴涓烘纭妗锛朵璇稿姝ょ被AYBXBY绛崇瀛姣缁藉涓洪璇妗瀹楠版涓娆¤涓蹇澶ㄨㄩ㈠寮哄ぇ淇℃椽娴舵轰琛ㄧ锛告浜蹇涓ㄨ锛涓蹇澶ㄨㄦ舵存姣涓蹇涓ㄨ77姣锛杩绉宸杈惧颁捐姘村钩

绗涓n-back浠诲℃绉璁板娴璇锛伐浣璁板瀹楠涓父ㄥ扮寮绠ヨ瀹灏辨璇浣戒借浣堕村虹烘N-back浠诲¤姹琚灏虹杩烘涓㈢n涓烘告杈锛杩跺烘涓烘撮烘涓版ユ绾佃枫褰n=1讹瑕姹琚姣杈褰烘涓搁荤涓涓烘锛浠ユ绫绘锛褰n=3讹瑕姹姣杈烘瀹㈤涓や釜浣缃烘锛n瓒澶э浠诲￠惧害瓒澶с

绗涓Task Switching浠诲′富瑕娴璇璇璁ょユ惰藉浠ュ浠诲″㈢垫椿с瀹涓浜涓换＄ュ井镐技锛瀹互板涓姣告缁褰㈠虹锛姣濡H7锛锛褰ゆ姣宠宠绠℃杈圭板锛褰ゆ板拌版舵绠℃杈圭瀛姣瀹楠缁涓涓璇存蹇澶ㄨ绋涓绛圭琛ㄧ瓒ｇ褰娌℃冲烘涓浜讹涓蹇澶ㄨ涓蹇涓ㄨ琛ㄧ骞舵病捐宸锛涓冲烘峰ュ板璁ょヤ换★涓蹇澶ㄨ渚胯〃寰涓уけ虹┈涓凤瑙烘灏变贡锛诲筹浠ュ浜杩涔澶瀹楠浣绌剁宠〃杈剧椹锛锛

绌朵汉琛ㄦfilter task浠诲′蹇╃Continuous Performance Task浠诲″浠ヨ涓蹇澶ㄨㄥぇ澧涓撮捐婊や富棰崇淇℃n-back浠诲″浠ュ搴涓蹇澶ㄨ寰惧惰蹇涓崇烘锛task-switching浠诲″浠ヨ〃蹇澶ㄨ舵充换℃舵琛ㄧ虹浣

涓蹇澶ㄤ甯ユ缁浼ゅ

ヨ腑澶澹板ぇ瀛Dr.Alan Keen剧鸿风寮浜烘繁锛涓轰涔澶у浜轰滑村ゆ锛浠璁や负澶у浜轰滑娲昏濂揩锛浠浠村惧浜跺澶椤逛锛娈涓ュ父骞寸涓蹇澶ㄤ娇浠浠韬杩浜婵婵绱川澧锛浣垮浠浠寰村锋诲绘у村插朵楂浠浠ｆ蹇琛绠＄剧姐

楹荤宸ュぇ瀛缁瀹Earl Miller璁や负蹇浜蹇ㄧ浜轰ㄥぇ涓舰澶宸磋猴dopamine锛涓昏璐璐ｅぇ娆诧灏村寮蹇淇℃锛涔涓炬筹剧绁缁璺杩涓缁璺瀵归ｄ涓绱㈡板烘颁俊涓涓娉ㄤ涓琛涓鸿琛濂璧褰舵寸杩ㄥ浠ラ棰杩绉板烘辩锛浠ュ娉ㄦ婧存挎缁杩绉板烘杩灏变娇寰浠村釜淇℃捐锛娆㈡惧涓涓涓颁俊宸ヤ杩灞翠朵绌虹斤浠浼涓鸿绉涓蹇澶ㄧ涔轰唬浠枫

╃╀澶у绉瀛椹绌舵剧ず锛褰浜轰滑蹇板ㄤ宸ヤ涓㈡ユ㈠讹浠浠伐浣涓寰涓蹇搴互寮ヨˉ㈤寸堕达浣杩风娉浣垮浜翠20浠浠捐楂村己

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锛浣锛灏evil锛

1. Elizabeth A. Styles.The Psychology of Attention.P140-143

2. John Naish.2009.Is multi-tasking bad for your brain? Experts reveal the hidden perils of juggling too many jobs.DailyMail.

3. Daniel J Levitin.Multitasking and modern technology are mangling our brains.Science and tech

4. Gloria Mark锛Daniela Gudith and Ulrich Klocke. The Cost of Interrupted Work: More Speed and Stress.CHI 2008

5. Eyal Ophira, Clifford Nassb, and Anthony D. Wagnerc.2009.Cognitive control in media multitaskers. PNAS

6. ╄, 寮绉.娉ㄦ婧璁哄惰灞.蹇瀛.2003骞04

7. Torkel Klingberg.2011.瓒璐风澶ц锛淇℃杞戒伐浣璁板.涓娴风插虹绀