浣ラ杩8涓绾у圭蹇瀛楠锛

灏璇达蹇瀛绌讹甯歌峰～杩э绾歌川靛芥浣浠澶╃澶у浠缁锛涓涔绠蹇瀛绌跺楠娆㈣剁锛绱㈠棰锛澶骞挎锛

4229 瀛锛璇婚绾 7

浠涓蹇瀛ワ芥ㄦ瀹ら剁颁缇ゆ濂界瀹圭瀛锛缁浣涓棰凤跺濉扮 15 棰涔濮垫锛濉扮 30 棰涔濮朵贡濉插ㄣ

濡浣瑙寰浣涓鸿绉绌剁瀵硅薄澶瓒ｇ璇锛ｆ涓轰娌＄颁㈣浜茬蹇瀛绌躲璇寸茬锛戒璁╀璇村绋搴涓鸿浜瀹楠婊＄濂┿纾ㄣ涓告甸煎璁╀汉浠诲★璁╀杩浜蹇瀛浠芥 S浠О涔涓衡骞镐娌″杩扮辫蹇瀛楠锛ラ杩疯锛芥璧蜂瀵规涓哄楠蹇胯磋叮

1.  璋瀹跺瀹ㄥ灏垮撮锛

绌垛跺锛浜茬崇郴跺蹇搴

2006 骞达蹇瀛璇蜂 13 浣扮垮濡澹ュ杩涓楠锛浠浠瀹楠涓婚绔寸濠村垮翱甯ㄥ翱甯涓灞翱灞锛濡濡浠昏涓娌炬濠村垮翱灏垮锛跺璇澶у釜娌￠ｄ虫撮杩绉跺瀹楠绌剁冲烘ョ锛灏垮锛锛

浣涓瑕瑙寰瀹跺锛界跺蹇瀛灏辨宠浣跺锛锛杩瀹璐ㄤ椤硅瀵浜轰滑崇郴浜茬瀵瑰跺蹇搴绌躲姣釜濡濡戒讳缁涓ょ垮灏垮锛涓ヨス瀹瀹锛涓ヨ涓涓瀹充娇ㄥㄤラユ典锛濡濡渚惰界瀹瀹灏垮烘翠跺般

杩椤圭绌堕琛ㄦ浠剁瀹瑰搴寮规э澶跺充瑰浣浜茬崇郴濡汉瀹剁瀛╁锛濡濡涓挎府浠澶灞翱灞锛浣濡濡磋藉蹇繁瀛╁╋甯瀛℃㈠翱甯ㄨ瑙搴ョ锛瀵瑰唬娉╃瀹瑰绋搴锛介浣濡寮瀹瀹芥э甯╁唬村ソ扮瀛涓浠ュｄ褰瀹堕跨版璁讹绛浣浜濡濡锛哥革锛浣涔浼杩涔璁や负璇翠锛濂藉澶浜轰瀹澶у戒澶寸涓尖炽

充濡璇鸿瀹瀹灏垮锛姘宠浠涔绌烘浼淇″锛杩涓寰ャ

2. 灏辨崇浣琚缁存

瑙ュず瀹楠

涓涓绾 50 骞翠唬涓澶╋垮ぇ楹灏澶у风浠寰涓涓ぉ瑕¤灏辫藉 20 甯瀹楠锛浠ヤ负繁″颁瀹锛缁村繁琚浜浠浠瀹翠涓绉ょ涓瑰剁濂锛韬哄ㄤ撮璋х绌洪撮锛や绌鸿璋杞伴福澹板ヤ瑙や跺浠ユ椿ㄤ锛浠浠瑕涓村ㄩ瓒涔瓒濂斤村拌繁涓浜涓烘

拌锛浣澶ф芥宠薄瑙ュず锛sensory deprivation锛涔浜锛澶ф灏辨浣瑙涓颁换浣瑙锛戒骇烘澶澧瀹ㄩ缁

涔璁镐骞虫朵瀵瑰煎纾ㄧ澹般灏虹榛涔姹借溅灏剧ㄤラ锛浣褰浣涓版ュ父娲讳腑浠讳浠讳锛浠讳锛锛浜跺锛ф灏变寮濮杞杩浣琚浜圭瀛ㄧ′涓烘浜烘扮瑙蹇变韩涓哄锛寮濮э蹇鸿藉版瀹筹冲虹濂骞昏锛姣濡涓鹃ㄨ╁ご垮锛寰灏虹杩蜂脊杩汇㈠瀹扮澧姣璐瑰瀹楠浠诲″辫锛浠浠缁涓杩锛绔

挎堕村浜璋涔崇澧涓瀵艰翠锛浣涓浜规涓锛濡瀹锛澶灏瑕蹇ㄥ瑙ュず锛姝ゅ杩浜浜虹兢蹇锛交瑙ュず甯ョ浼ゅ锛涔灏辩稿瑕浜

3. ㄤ界戒涓涓浜璁╀汉按灏浜

绌跺按灏

杩涓楠锛蹇瀛瑕姹ュ瀹楠瀛琚绔ㄤ磋块达浣涓板汉锛汉寰颁锛锛ㄤ界戒涓锛涓浜浼璁╀汉按灏浜姣濡锛

妯′豢涓冲骞煎垮 5 宀跨澶у靛ぇ瑰炬

瑁颁涓璇ｆ风绗 30 绉

卞姝

浼寸绌惰涓轰澶充璺宠

寰ヤ换＄浣澶ф浼ㄥ蹇涓椹撅浠浠灏辨绉锛涓虹灏村艾浣浼涓浼寰翠浜╀汉锛绁杞

缁锛杩涓跺勾浠ｇ缁稿楠璇褰浜虹杩灏村艾烘存挎负浠浜烘渚甯╋姣濡甯汉瀹璇鹃椤圭锛告娌℃缁杩灏村艾浠诲＄瀹楠缁锛浠浠寸藉揩绛搴浜杩浜姹┿

4. ワ璇蜂澶ц涓涓涓搴

т澶ц璺绌

ㄨ涓楠锛绌惰炬ヤ规浜猴璁╀浠汉ㄨ华锛跺涓¤锛娓╅『涓姣锛涔浜杩锛宠薄涓涓锛璺涓 1.5 绫抽跨搴辨绉浠涔浣楠锛涓轰涔绉瀛璁╂浜鸿ㄤ璧峰ヤ浠灏辨绌舵с

瀹楠浜哄浠ヨ姹惧磋涓癸榧璧峰姘舵э锛瑕姹杩垮锛у锛绌惰虫敞姝ｆㄨ涓ょ涓╀锛浜轰滑澶ц浠涔

浠华缁ョ锛褰浜轰滑冲榧璧峰姘锛跺蹇ф讹ㄨ艰浣涓涓澶澶ц棰涓娌°褰浣瓒瀹虫锛磋虫х跺锛杩ㄥ轰寰炬椿璺锛姝ゆ朵韬瀹虫琛ㄥ村寰涓句锛姣濡锋锛板绛绛跺ぇ涓璐ｆ缁告椿璺搴急锛涔灏辨锛瀹虫缁ｄ璁╀绐

ｄ绉瀛浠ヤ锛濡涓汉涓昏灞㈤甯告锛浣浠㈠惰介璧峰姘锛韬琛ㄧず瀹虫绉杩硅薄芥澶变锛绌剁浠绠杩浠ュ蹇瀛娴р娈典浠ㄨ韩浣琛ㄥ涓锛ㄧュ苟涓介ｄ绠绮村杩璁╂宠捣涓瑷锛姘锛舵э涓姣с

锛拌锛浣涓瀹宠瑰锛跺绋搴杩涓姝缁х画寰涓р

5. 璇峰敖借琛ヤ涓浣姝绘褰⑩

绌剁锛瀛浜″姝讳骸瀵逛汉搴褰卞

杩椤圭绌跺浜 2007 骞达涓楠浜洪瑕宠薄繁姝绘跺浼浠涔锛韬复跺蹇琛ㄨ揪烘ャラ杩峰姝荤浜烘ヨ骞朵濂藉锛浣绉瀛艰揩浜轰滑涓婕换浣缁版堪藉ㄨ繁韬娴澶辨讹韬浼虹浠涔讹姝ゆ舵诲ㄦ崇浠涔浜茶韩缁锛宠薄灏辫借浜洪ケ纾ㄤ

涓轰涔瑕杩涔绉瀛宠绌堕复瀛浜″锛existential threat锛瀵逛汉褰卞锛褰缁浜姝讳骸锛浜轰滑浼瀵圭娲诲煎涓辨浣绉搴

ｄ琚琛ヨ繁姝讳骸纾ㄥ澶浜轰滑浼涓涓～瀛娓告瑙扳jo_锛浣浼濉涔瀛姣锛joy锛杩jog锛㈣锛锛浠缁琛ヨ繁姝绘瀹楠缁村浼╁甫绉璇锛濡joy锛锛瀵规涓涓楠缁锛宠薄涓娆′锛浠浠涓ц锛濡jog锛浜哄澶般

涔灏辨锛灏界姝讳骸瀵瑰ヨ缁濞锛浣ㄦ宠薄杩姝讳骸涔浜轰滑浼涓颁富ㄦ绱㈠浜х蹇虫杩汉浠瀵规浜＄插尽瑰蹇瀛绉颁涓衡х璁衡锛Terror Management Theory锛

6. 浣楗夸楗匡荤㈢浣

ヨ楗ラタ涓椋╁虫敞搴绌

杩椤瑰楠瑕姹瀹楠浜 17 涓朵涓瑗匡绛颁浠ゥ楗块惧跺锛蹇瀛灏变负浠浠涓浜宸у搁浮剧锛璁╀浠共娴姘淬蹇瀛ㄤ瑙瀵浠浠ㄦ椿ㄣ

ㄤ负濂虫х琚琚涓鸿ヨ濂虫у姝ｅ父浣濂虫э绉瀛虫ヨ瑙伴╁剧蹇浼娉璧锋村ぇ娉㈡浣缁村轰锛ヨ濂虫чゥ杈杈跺椋╃虫敞搴涓濡楗辫规堕锛蹇瀛娴杩涓鸿瀛楗ラタ朵蹇繁撮ギ撮锛浠ヤ杩璁ょユ宸фュ交瀵归╃娉ㄦ搴

瀹楠纭楠璇浜杩涓锛ｄヨ濂虫уㄥ画瀹楠锛琛ㄩ㈢濂逛滑璇堕斥锛惧姣瀵圭х澶村

7. 涓瀛灏挎ュ崇

璁烘惰变舵崇郴

灏挎汉绫讳淇辨ョ插灏垮朵灏跨娆叉杩涓耽寰浜璇鸿灏濂绌讹琚骞稿涓颁杩椤圭绌跺涓浣浠浠存灏跨娓告涓棣瑕 5 澶ф按锛绾 45 杩褰浜哄濮灏挎ョ跺锛娓告氨寮濮浜蹇瀛绌剁ㄦ灏块涓锛浜轰滑ㄥ灏挎舵辩姘锛浼涓浼涔椤轰究朵朵娆叉浠浠娓告充╃╃娓告姣濡璁╀汉浠洪╋诲 100 濂璧杩涓浼寰版村ぇ濂便缁琛ㄦ遍ケ浜烘磋芥惧煎澶村╋浠烘╀胯╃┿

杩灏跨瀹楠锛浠瀵硅辩跺浼婧㈠衡锛涔灏辨ぇ虹舵т俊涔浼褰卞板朵娆叉剁棰锛瀹充锛浣杩涓绌跺ㄥお逛锛濡杩杩绉借寰璇鸿灏濂瀹楠锛澶濂锛涔涓瀹浼瀹版

8. 楹荤涓杩棰姘跺灏卞浠ョ瀹姘浜锛浠涔锛涓瑕浜р

骞茶富跺涓浜烘肩瑰涔寸崇郴

濡浣挎涓绌剁瀹楠锛浣╂浣锛涓鸿涓浜浜虹被冲抽瑕绌堕

浣杩椤 09 骞寸绌跺ㄦュ婊℃澶ч峰寰涓笺绌堕甯哥ㄥ拌交寰烘靛诲楠锛浣杩娆＄瀹楠瑕姹浣涓涓涓瑰舵锛褰姘杩ラ涔氨浼寮濮姘锛村版釜浜鸿藉涓烘充ｇ瑙风锛镐俊娌＄杩浣㈡充帮涔涓澶㈡炽蹇瀛锛涓浜烘肩琚ㄧ杩娆＄舵涓锛澶цㄦ椿ㄤ涓绁缁川绋搴浜哄ㄧ缁绋涓浠氦绁缁郴缁娲诲ㄥ寰娲昏璧锋ワ绁缁川绋搴浜哄氦绁缁郴缁娲诲ㄥ

缁剁ㄦ椿ㄥ涓浜烘肩硅川筹杩绌剁涓澶х锛ㄥ交浜虹被璁よ绱腑锛浠寰杩浜涓澶ф

瀹杩涔澶锛ㄤ澶ф浼ラ娲鹃风蹇瀛澶涔变锛姣绔锛璋挎姝讳骸楗ラタ瀹ュず灏垮颁藉卞椋ㄨ姘

浣浠澶╂浠杩浜瀹楠骞朵负浜浣瀵圭瀛濂藉蹇锛涔缁瀵规病璁藉虹瀛版扮稿锛浠僵杩浜绌惰锛涔甯浣藉ㄧ扮绌惰〃㈢璇讹瑙ｅ板琛峰濡涓娌℃瓒冲浜烘韬涔灏变浼诲涓涓寰澶х淬濡颁杩版瀹楠锛镐俊浣や抽璺浠ュ锛杩芥汉存у烽版冲板浠峰笺

娉ㄦㄧ浠ｇ瀛楠棰锛介浼寰疯瀹涔姹锛浠讳蹇瀛楠绌跺ㄦ跺楠涓讹藉璇ヨ灏介杩板楠瀹逛互戒骇锛骞跺寰褰浜浜虹藉灞瀹楠

ㄨ绉′欢涓锛界涓ュ涓楠浜轰滑涓绠℃濂戒蹇澶锛浠浠藉㈠扮浜涓虹濂鸿繁蹇哄韬锛浠浠澶卞虫浠寰锛姝ｅ涓轰浠涓浠戒寮浜虹被韬涓蹇缇ソ存绉瀛ゥ绉ユユワ姝ゅ搴澹帮璁╂浠负杩浜㈢浜虹璧峰ぇ

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浣 | 浣涓

濡楸肩姘粹涓璇ュ瀹朵

缂杈″锝濡

甸撅

璧

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DeWall, C.N. & Baumeister, R.F. (2007). From terror to joy. Automatic tuning to positive affective information following mortality salience. Psychological Science, 18, 984-990.

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Ilse M.T. Nijs., Peter Muris, Anja S., Euser, Ingmar H.A. Franken. (2010). Differences in attention to food and food intake between overweight/obese and normal-weight females under conditions of hunger and satiety. Appetite, 54(2), 243-254.

Mirjam A. Tuk, Debra Trampe, Luk Warlop. (2011). Inhibitory Spillover: Increased Urination Urgency Facilitates Impulse Control in Unrelated Domains. Psychological Science, 22(5), 627-633.

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Trevor I. Casea., Betty M. Repacholib., Richard J. Stevensona. (2006). My baby doesn't smell as bad as yours: The plasticity of disgust. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27(5), 357-365.

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