浜轰滑涓轰涔娆㈣椋

涓界浜烘叉浠瀛锛涓杩浠浠娲荤锛瀛浼间撮瑕兢浜瀹涓锛茬搴互娲绘按骞崇楂锛浠ㄧ浜洪寰瓒ヨ戒弗艰姹繁锛绉惧藉哥ㄥ辩娲荤棰锛涓涓汉藉涓哄浜蹭汉辫涓ㄥ界锛涓颁卞烘锛褰璁稿浜虹㈠浜撅濡ユ浜轰澧锛ㄩ楗讹濡涓涓㈡涓璇澶у０瀹汉锛浠繁璇磋澹伴充浼璺澧澶эㄤ缃涓涓绀惧轰腑芥甯镐璁ㄨ椋硷濡涓涓涓浜轰滑惰稿锛板ョぞ虹ㄦ蜂浼寰蹇浼杩浜绮寸璇板颁涓锛浠┈涓灏卞け浜瀹靛芥杩杩瑕寸绯锛ㄥ卞哄锛浠繁涓浜璇浠讳斥杩涓藉杩椹矾朵浜轰杩封绀句澶х澧虫姝も绛绛锛杩绉瀹版璁镐惰浠瀹锛涓杩浜浠缁宠捣ワ褰浠杩绉浣琛涓轰激瀹冲板澶涓浜浜虹跺锛涓蹇涓浜х锛浠藉ㄥお瀹规板汉褰卞浜涓㈡璇寸璞″跺婧浜汉浠璺椋涓猴璇存颁浜虹褰卞涓轰涔涔浼涓浠藉ｄ锛涔瀵艰翠杩绉璞″

1涔涔浼ㄨ涓浼

涓轰涔浠杩涔瀹规板汉褰卞濡浠姣釜浜洪界х锛ｈ绉╀捐В缇も韩灏辫界浠甫ヨ澶╃ラ浣涓浣绉淇ょ哄讹涔借╀ㄨ涓村锋浼裤ㄧ╁ㄨ寰跺父甯歌缇わ杩涓哄㈠跺椋讹淇ㄧ兢浣涓村ㄤ浜锛杩涓浠涓虹兢浣诲诲村己锛惧存姘匡缇や涔璁╁浠ㄩ㈠娌虫灞辫胺绛纰╂朵骇浜锋х瑙ｅ虫规锛姝ゅ锛杩绉涔璁╂椋骞冲瑕璺杩磋璺绂绘芥惧扮┿ㄩ绫婚琛讹濡涓戒ㄥ寸跺楦胯ㄤ达ｅ藉氨浼纰版锛涓у姐濡ㄩ娲插ぇ涓杩寰缇缇涓哄哄绐涓挎ュ扮兢浣涓瀹寰戒涓烘韩浜楸兼惫涔锛涓浼绻娈轰瀵逛存杩虹甸跨被ㄧ╋浠浠杩风浜婕跨杩杩绋锛甸跨被ㄧ╀村浠ュ舰甯搁缇や缁缁锛杩绉缁缁褰㈡戒璧浜风镐崇郴充涓璁ㄨ涓存璁稿2014 骞寸Science涓琛ㄤ涓绡绔锛绔哄у附存村娆㈤ｄ浼冲绘ā浠垮浠涓虹浜[1]锛甯歌涓鸿绉妯′豢涓浣琛涓烘存稿崇锛杩璇存涓朵涓淇涓粹杩绉妯′豢琛涓哄ㄩ绛ㄧ╀腑浠跺锋瑕缁缁缁界澶褰浠ュ颁涓涓浠浼涓ヤ瑙妯′豢涓朵浜虹琛涓猴骞朵浠浼村遍ｄ涓繁稿琛涓烘ā寮浜猴杩涓村甯哥镐技

2浠涔涔浼琛涓轰腑

灏界惧颁杩涓渚堕╅变浣琛涓猴濡杩绉搴缇や琛涓哄凡缁搴褰朵唬锛ｄ汉绫讳瀹ㄥ浠ユ寮杩绉琛涓恒浜虹被涔浠ヨ杩娌℃辫风琛涓猴ㄩ浣琛涓虹璺瓒璧拌杩锛涓哄ㄨ澶哄锛搴琛涓哄浠ュ府╂浠涓寰涓浜濂藉锛杩绉濂藉浠ユ存烘锛渚濡涓涓汉娲诲ㄤ涓兢浣涓涓涓兢浣涓朵浜虹告瑰涓锛濡娆㈡硅棰瀵硷璁藉哄浜锛ｄ甯稿父版ょ锛杩涓浣戒存褰卞颁涓汉宸ヨ濂锛杩藉奖颁ョ灞锛杩绉濂藉涔芥存烘锛渚濡缁汉涓濂藉拌薄韩戒借浠┈涓㈢憋浣浠ュ府╀涓汉缁存村ソ浜洪崇郴浠界ラㄥ井淇℃ヨ绉＄涔遍伴汇婕惧虹蹇甸浮姹ゃ璇涓缁淇ュ父璇锛濡浜烘诲娆㈠ㄥ朵浜洪璇ｄ寰芥娆㈣锛稿锛娆㈠浜甸浮姹ょ峰戒ㄥ朵浜洪㈠涓娓╂浣璐寸拌薄锛浠澧ヤ涓涓姒褰讹瀹涓涓╃崇郴绘杩浜绠灏瀛村锛渚濡锛浠跺涔浠ヤ涓轰涓褰㈡绉瑙寰疯淇涓磋虹茶繁╃锛渚濡锛骞磋交浜虹浜鸿搴э村涔翠告锛锛涓轰釜浣杩绉虹测芥涓哄朵浜烘ā浠跨瀵硅薄锛姝ゅㄦョ涓澶╋浠繁涔浼戒绉琛涓轰腑ㄥゥ灏妫浣琛ㄧ昏涓颁绉蹇姘澹扮⑩锛杩绫婚轰浠澹伴筹涓哄浠浠ヨ锛浜繁╂藉扮剁涓烘浠虹告瀹ㄥお澶锛姝や浠ュ颁娌榛澶у扳涓

3璧板绔涔涔浼

涓杩澶у涓涔涔浼锛浠舵涓や釜涓灞娆★绗涓娆″氨㈡扮涓ㄥ寸澧淇涓粹锛浣杩绉浣琛涓虹姝ｇ涔澶村ㄤ浣琛涓烘ā寮腑藉虹姣涓汉琛涓烘存ㄥㄥ搴涔腑锛浠杩锋堪灞浜兢浣琛涓虹ㄦ涓虹兢浣涓讹浠灏变颁汉拌浜浠杩瓒充互璁╀烘浜哄蹇靛ご锛骞朵浼绔诲浠绉璇辨轰纰浼琚村版ф浜虹被轰纭藉浜х澶ч婵锛姝ゅ浠ヨ锛挎荤缇や褰㈡姝ｅ父舵锛涔灏辨绉婵ょ舵绾佃浜虹被锛杩绉缇や苟涓椴瑙锛涓虹杩风缇や瓒ヨ绔瑙瑰琛涓轰富瀵硷缁挎涓舵剧插с涓轰涔浼杩峰

煎拌缁寸癸Mark Granovetter锛妯″浠ユ绉绋搴瑙ｉ杩绉绔电虹浜瀹涓锛挎涓涓浣锛挎ч浣琛涓烘ā寮浜跺袱涓娆＄浜锛浠芥挎ㄥ寸浜轰涓达濡ㄥ寸浜哄苟涓锛ｆ浠舵变烽涓濡ㄥ瀹浠涓涓涓ョ澶у硷濡澶у浜烘拌娌℃杈惧拌涓硷浠浠ヤ烽ｄ浠浠ラ版绉绀句藉虹碉澶у藉ュ颁涓虹娆㈡浼锛浣骞舵病浜烘挎烘ュ遍姝璺充釜锛杩剁姘姘甯稿按灏濡ㄤ涓璁稿娲昏瀛绀句锛寰瀹规灏辫揪颁姣釜浜哄涓硷涓ワ藉钩惰璇磋藉灏浜洪藉凡缁ュ颁娆㈢浼锛浜瀹涓锛杩惰浼姘姘灏颁汉甯ㄨ捣ョ锛娲诲ㄧ杩琛锛浠凡缁芥拌涓癸濡杩浜浜哄涓娆℃璧锋椿ㄧ伴娼涔寰瀹规璁╁朵浜鸿揪板腑伴娼笺濡杩涓鸿娆锛娆＄ぞ浼ㄨ★ｄ灏辨藉虹甯稿点煎拌缁寸规ā琛ㄦ浣琛涓鸿蛋绔涓浣涓釜浜鸿韩ソ筹撮瑕瀹杩涓ㄢ娲昏瀛娲昏煎浣浜猴濡绗逛浜猴绛澶绉绱稿筹杩浜绱ㄤ洪浣琛涓哄濮涔跺寰浜洪芥鹃

姊锛Bruce Bueno de Mesquita锛瀵Alastair Smith锛涓杩涓涓存绔渚瀛锛ㄤ洪涓句腑锛濡涓垮瑕浜搁荤涓涓瀛姘绁浜冲缁涓涓瀛涓璇ュ涓涓棣浜╃锛濡婚瀛㈡朵变骇锛锛杩讹瑕璇ユ垮界㈢㈡涓や釜瀛涓褰卞姘锛灏辩冲藉ㄩ涓句腑х锛涓虹涓涓瀛濡涓澶ц妯＄绁ㄧ璇ユ垮锛浠浠戒ㄨф垮╃锛濡浜绁浠浠戒棣╃涓涓竟锛濡绔锛ｄ杩村ぇ芥ц╃杩涓瀛璇存浠〃锛浼间釜浜洪藉ㄩ搴澶у颁汉挎不╋浣瀹涓锛藉ㄦ绉存稿瓒充互浣琛涓恒ㄩ缇ゃ璞＄兢涓瀛ㄧ绉棰瀵尖瑙诧杩绉瑙插ㄤ浜瑕哄浣ㄤ稿澧澶э濡甯绾典涓兢浣涓ぇ澶扮涔涔浼库锛浣璁镐蹇灏璇跺璐胯澶颁汉杩㈢渚瀛锛浠帮杩灏借繁磋杈╃锛朵浠琛涓猴涓瀵瑰╃杩芥锛灏辨藉 瀹朵滑浜告惧哄归ｄ涓ｄ杩涔涔浼涓浜瑷璁烘琛涓猴濂借澶у姝ｆ寮杩浜浜猴杩灏辨借ユ冲琛涓哄氨楂搴璐ㄥ涔涔浼寰村绔浠瀹ㄩ峰ユ绉娉瑙ｈ辩寰

[1] Paukner, A., Suomi, S. J., Visalberghi,E., & Ferrari, P. F. (2009). Capuchin monkeys display affiliation towardhumans who imitate them. Science, 325(5942), 880-883. 充涓绌剁伴昏瑙锛http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2009/8/222504.shtm锛璁烘瑙锛http://www.sciencemag.org/content/325/5942/880.full.pdf