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杩澶╋褰浠杩娲涔杞告ヨ浜璁茶杩涓涓璁╀蹇璁颁㈣瑕涓虫界ㄩゅ寰涓插汇浜杩澶存ュ浠存寮濮搁涓や涓锛寮浜锛濂琚告峰烘ョ轰腑浜澶撮ㄣ宸肩┛ワ浠ご椤剁┛恒浣浠浠涓鹃句腑骞稿浜涓ワ韬搴峰浠锛琛涓轰宸ㄥぇ锛浠涓藉寰濂藉版惰繁炬锛浜涔涓涓娉ㄨ璁″

濂浜界惰褰涓ワ浣荤璁板涓澶瀹璁╀汉拌薄娣卞荤锛芥荤娲锛John Harlow锛绗璁帮濂芥эanimalpropensities锛宸茬杩浜浠浜烘с娲汉骞舵濂杩琛挎杩借釜绌讹姝ょ濂浜烘ф㈠锛浠寰ャ浣濂棰寰插ㄣ娉惰繁琛涓虹杩涓浜瀹灏辫璁板ョ缁瀛

濂浜锛寮璧蜂绉瀛瀵瑰棰界瑙浣村20涓绾锛绁缁瀛浠姝ｅ濮绌跺棰姐宸澶у瀹涓灏煎ゥ路杈鹃┈瑗垮ゥ锛Antonio R. Damasio锛涓濞路杈鹃┈瑗垮ゥ锛Hanna.Damasio锛璁╀汉浠板虫敞濂涓1994骞达浠浠杩璁＄哄濂澶撮锛妯℃轰濂浼ょ澶цㄤ锛瑙涓撅锛杩涓缁琛ㄥㄣ绉瀛蹇涓(Damasio, Grabowski, Frank, Galaburda, & Damasio,1994)

や虫敞浜濂杩涓浜虹╀澶锛浠浠绌跺㈤杩虫敞浠ｇ濂锛充濂绫讳技棰浼ょ浜恒╁1990骞达浠浠氨锛棰浜猴浠浠ㄧ扮ぞ浼т俊讹剁搴灏变浜轰1999骞达浠浠ュ浜涓ゅ跨灏卞棰涓锛浠浠腑瀵圭濂堪镐技锛崇跺虫敞╃涓ㄤ挎村惧浜插ㄦх诲(Anderson, Bechara, Damasio, Tranel, Damasio,1999)锛杩浜琛涓虹妯″锋绀句浜烘肩涓甯哥镐技ㄤ绯诲绌朵腑锛杈鹃┈瑗垮ゥ棰浜哄崇藉涓甯镐汉句锛插ㄦ剧瑰涔涓

棰涓竟缂绯荤

褰浠ｇ缁瀛棰介甯稿虫敞锛瀵硅ㄥ哄界绱浠や汉村棰涔涓

涓剧传查ㄥ灏辨汉棰ㄥ杩ㄥ澶ц浠ㄤ汉绫昏韩涓涓哄杈撅涓汉朵ㄥ涓板绁缁锛杩琛寰ョ淇℃

朵腑涓涓棰杩绱у汉杈圭绯荤杩浜哄ㄨ涓虹存╋汉绫讳朵ㄧ╅芥ユ缁杩浜缁涓村烘姐缁界稿炽瑙涓撅や澶ц灏浠ュ缁锛锛

濡璇村棰浼ょ渚渚浜灏充棰ㄥ插ㄦ跺戒璇ｄ瀵归ｄ锋绀句浜烘肩涓杩琛绌讹渚浜村涓板璇瀹惧澶у姜瀛郴垮痉瀹路锋╋Adrian Raine锛浜1997骞村琛ㄧ绌跺锛浜虹棰涓甯镐汉涓涓凤浠浠棰¤绯浠ｈ阿姘村钩翠姝ゅ锋╃绌跺㈤瀵规村绮剧杩琛浜涓绯诲绁缁归㈢绌躲2009骞达浠浠浜40澶椤瑰充绀句涓绁缁绌剁缁锛澶涓绌剁姣杈涓达绀轰锋绀句琛涓虹涓ㄥ棰缁涓戒缂洪(Yang & Raine, 2009)ㄦ颁功The Anatomy of Violence涓锋╂绯荤伴杩颁棰缁涓界缂洪蜂绀句琛涓哄崇郴绌舵

褰讹ㄨョ缁瀛锛绌舵澶杩甯镐汉ㄥ楠瀹や腑锛绌朵汉璁╂甯哥蹇胯瀹涓绯诲瑕杩琛璁ょユ剁浠诲°姣濡换′腑锛浜轰滑瑕蹇靛轰涔涓哥棰茶棰诧濡ㄧ孩插缁匡浣瑕蹇靛哄棰诧崇孩锛杩杩浜瀹楠锛璁ょョ缁瀛浠绀轰棰ㄦ跺戒腑瑕浣灏ゅ舵ㄤ互涓哄琛涓轰腑锛棰璧风抽浣(Miller & Cohen, 2001)

姝ｅ父浜恒棰浼ゃ绀句浜烘间互朵缇や绌剁锛璁╃绌惰浠村拌涓猴棰ㄤ汉浠惰繁琛涓烘跺涓娌°濡棰藉版跺朵浜虹娲诲濡璐璐ｆ缁搴杈圭绯荤锛锛浜轰滑藉拌琛讹涔锛濡棰娉朵ｄ插ㄢ猴跺氨浼澶辫触(Heatherton & Wagner, 2011)杩浜剁澶辫触涓浠浣ㄩギ椋躲缁璋╃渚璧绛归涔存浣ㄧ姜琛涓轰2011骞达板瑗垮ュぇ瀛Kent A. Kiehl杩绁缁规绌朵插ㄥ灏骞寸姜姝ｅ父灏骞村ㄧ缁缁涓哄浠浠锛灏骞寸杩ㄦ剁涓汉榛璁ょ缁锋杈寮虹杩锛涓杩绉杩寮哄害涓插ㄧ绋搴姝ｆ锛姝ｅ父灏骞寸杩ㄦ剁涓ユ剁缃缁濡棰杩杈寮猴琛ㄦ浠琛涓烘版剁存骞撮澧锛杩ㄦ剁涓ユ剁绁缁缁涔磋浼澧寮猴插ㄦу(Shannon et al., 2011)

ゆ诲绘绉蹇瑙ｅ虫瑰ㄧ╁ㄧ板遍╂朵靛涓涓锛fight or flight 锛诲绘璺锛ㄤ汉绫昏韩涓锛杩绉诲绘璺惧浠跺卞绁缁濡杈圭绯荤躲灞锛瀵规ゆ缁诲诲凡缁娓卞杞浜躲藉ㄦ灏介靛碘寮虫跺害锛宸茬负浜绔В冲娉寰夸唬ㄧ浠ｇぞ浼涓浜轰滑村瑕杩琛瀵硅繁ゆ诲荤惧杩琛躲浣芥拌琛讹浠瀛璁诧锛浠绉瀛璁诧灏辨棰芥

Anderson, S. W.,Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., & Damasio, A. R. (1999). Impairmentof social and moral behavior related to early damage in human prefrontalcortex. Nat Neurosci, 2(11),10321037.

Damasio, H., Grabowski, T., Frank, R., Galaburda, A., & Damasio,A. (1994). The return of Phineas Gage: Clues about the brain from the skull ofa famous patient. Science, 264(5162),1102-1105.

Heatherton, T. F., & Wagner, D. D. (2011). Cognitiveneuroscience of self-regulation failure. Trendsin Cognitive Sciences, 15(3), 132-139.

Miller, E. K., & Cohen, J. D. (2001). AN INTEGRATIVE THEORY OFPREFRONTAL CORTEX FUNCTION. Annual Reviewof Neuroscience, 24(1), 167-202.

Shannon, B. J., Raichle, M. E., Snyder, A. Z., Fair, D. A., Mills,K. L., Zhang, D., et al. (2011). Premotor functional connectivity predictsimpulsivity in juvenile offenders. ProcNatl Acad Sci USA, 108(27), 1124111245.

Yang, Y., & Raine, A. (2009). Prefrontal structural andfunctional brain imaging findings in antisocial, violent, and psychopathicindividuals: A meta-analysis. PsychiatryResearch: Neuroimaging, 174(2), 81-88.