瀛锛浣涓瀛ょ

灏锛寰俊锛yosumn锛璇达缁搴ㄤ汉澧锛杞┈р电寰ㄧ镐锛蹇靛ぉ颁锛惰娑涓琛ㄧㄥ藉宸茶浜锛娌″圭浜烘捣锛浠ヨ姝ゆ轰涓涓汉涓涓锛涓涓翠瀛ょ瑙

1. 浠涔锛Solitude锛锛

ㄥ瀛锛锛Solitude锛涓ㄦ涓涓浜哄绂伙淇℃娉涓浜ゆ锛ㄥ涓涓崇郴戒瀛ㄦ剁舵充娇ㄤ汉缇や腑锛瑕娌℃颁浜虹瀛涔浠ヨ璁や负

浠ヤ釜浣涓浜涓涓浜哄绂讳涓轰富瑕瑰锛浜哄苟涓′欢涔灏辨锛濡浣ㄦ弧搴х″涓翠虫烘娴稿ㄨ涓涓浣/璇伙充浼翠荆ㄥ涓涓┖翠腑涔濂斤瑕浣涓娌℃璺浠浜烘瑙涔绠瀛涓

虫轰技涔浜娴捐繁板宀绁

2. 涓浠涔涓锛

浠界ラㄨ辨璇涓 Alone Lonely 涓や釜璇锛瀛ゅ涓浜虹瀹㈣舵锛 Lonely 瀛ゅ蹇

ㄥ瀛锛Solitude锛瀛ょ锛Loneliness锛涔被浼肩崇郴绉瀹㈣舵锛瀛ょ富瑙浣楠褰涓涓汉跺锛TA戒板涔戒蹇

瀛ょ/瀛ょ锛Loneliness锛

涓涓婊℃韩浜洪崇郴躲朵氦寰娓存涓浜ゅ姘村钩瀛ㄥ樊璺朵骇涓荤蹇锛甯镐即┿风涓缁搴浠や汉捐绮剧澶辫芥

1. 繁涓涓汉锛寰涓寮蹇锛瑙寰寰瀛ゅ

2. ㄨ繁涓涓汉ㄨ

灏璁や负锛即缁瀛ょ锛Loneliness锛锛锛Solitude锛舵锛浠浠舵锛杩涓舵涓锛浠ユ绉蹇锛涔浠ユ娑蹇

讹寰寰村堕村繁蹇瀵硅

3. 峰奖浠

浣胯杩锛

蹇瀛 Larson Lee 灏涓跨寤鸿х

跨娓存浜洪即存娉帮浠琚揩涓涓汉寤鸿х浠富ㄩ╋锋杈楂富х

涔姝ｅ浣棰ｆ凤褰琚揩讹浠村版扮被浼煎璐㈡缁浣涓诲ㄩ╃讹浠村绉蹇浣楠

涓寸

蹇瀛 Larson 绛浜哄浜涓绯诲绌讹涓骞撮娈电浜虹堕翠涓锛跨骞冲堕存堕寸17%锛灏骞村26%锛褰浠骞存拌骞寸跺锛浼辨村堕村ㄧ

堕村姣澧澶锛浠戒韩跺汇瀛璁や负锛╀浠村瀵硅姒蹇碉涓烘浠渚浜绱㈢轰

ｄ甯浜猴戒涓烘缁涓绂╂杩娈电藉遍福

╀搴绀句

2011骞寸涓椤 UC Berkeley 绌跺锛褰浠瑙ユ讹藉ㄥ绉腑瀹拌〃褰瑙缂轰讹浠规澧哄杞吉瑁瑙层

ㄧぞ浼涓浠戒搴烘涓琛ㄧ轰惧挎琛ㄧ璇村舰璞＄浼甯ュ锛浠ヨ浠舵辫〃舵锛褰扮瀹蹇Larson涔锛灏骞村骞翠汉缁涔杩ヤ汉缇わ蹇浼寰村蹇

瀵瑰

寰澶瀛璁や负锛灞涓寰澶х崇郴锛涓哄澶х娲诲渚濡璁捐充绛锛芥濡浠病藉锛灏变澶卞灞轰瀛涔锛澶╂灏骞翠姣涓骞寸绘村堕寸锛涓浠浠村绉锛村浼浜

缁繁涓涓剧┖轰

灏缈昏浜ソ〃锛Preference for Solitude Scale锛锛浠ヨ3繁瀵圭ソ浠ヤ姣锛璇蜂袱涓椤逛腑轰涓杈繁瀛锛寤鸿璁板ㄧ焊涓э璁″瑰

1.

a.寰浜浜轰滑ㄤ璧

b.寰浜浜

2.

a.灏璇璁″涓澶╋浠ヤ究涓鸿繁淇绉浜烘堕淬

b.灏璇璁″涓澶╋浠ヤ究戒汉涓璧峰浜

3.

a.涓瑙涓甯藉ㄥ伐浣涓璇瓒ｇ浜恒

b.涓瑙涓娆㈠ㄥ伐浣舵堕寸

4.

a.褰寰澶浜轰璧峰害杩濂藉涓朵甯歌寰澶烘婊＄簿

b.褰寰澶浜轰璧峰害杩濂藉涓朵甯稿娓存绂诲

5.

a.瀵逛ヨ锛害杩堕寸父

b.瀵逛ヨ锛害杩堕寸父氮璐规

6.

a.缁父寮虹绂诲跺娆叉

b.寰灏寮虹绂诲跺娆叉

7.

a.甯寰澶浜哄娲诲ㄧ版瑰害

b.甯寰灏浜哄骞抽瀹瀹版瑰害

8.

a.褰瑕搴涓浜堕寸舵跺锛浼瑙寰寰涓蹇

b.褰瑕搴涓浜堕寸舵跺锛浼瑙寰寰楂

9.

a.濡瑕涓剁椋猴浼甯藉ㄨ芥蹇澶╃浜烘杈广

b.濡瑕涓剁椋猴浼甯藉搴杩娈垫堕淬

10

a.汉涓璧峰害杩堕寸父瓒ｇ

b.浜哄害杩堕寸父瓒ｇ

11.

a.汉稿寮虹姹

b.娌℃汉稿寮虹姹

12

a.寰澶舵堕村氨浼绂诲剁跺

b.寰灏浼辨堕村绂诲剁跺

浠ヤ棰稿寰椤癸涓涓

1 B, 2 A, 3 B, 4 B, 5 A, 6 A, 7 B, 8 B, 9 B, 10 A, 11 B, 12 A.

绌惰 Burger 1995骞村缇藉ぇ瀛绌剁锛

锋у钩5.37锛濂虫у钩4.52锛讳骞冲4.87澶у浠ヤ繁典姣杈锛涓杩伴浣苟濂藉锛璁轰辩ぞ浜わ杩韩锛ｉ芥瀹浣

1. 灏繁姹

褰甯讹涓瑕璐ｅ繁涓缇ゃ锛Sheldonｆ凤存澹颁韩

2. 灏韬竟浜虹姹

澶や灏繁蹇姹锛灏璁や负锛褰浣琛ㄨ揪虹姹讹涓瑕璐ｅ瀵规淬涓缇ゃ涓哄氨涓瑕绀句氦涓凤瀵规逛娆叉锛骞舵病璋姹楂浜汉姹

3. 荤肩藉锛村ソ搴瀵圭跺

浠浠ヤ富ㄩ╃锛涔借ㄧ褰琚ㄦ涓虹瀹㈣舵锛浠浠ョㄧН瑰瀵癸垮峰ュ涓昏舵

涓娆㈢锛涓烘昏寰涓涓汉锛戒瀛ょ瑙

宠繁跺锛骞虫惰ㄤ缁㈠涓浜轰╋濂界疮锛瑕涓涓

跺锛浣浠ユ骞抽瀛ょ锛瀛ょ跺锛浣芥崇濡浣璧板鸿绉缁

浣涓绠℃缁浣澶锛繁瑕杩跺锛浣瑕ラ浣胯繁澶浜缁腑

璁革浣藉ㄥ蹇浜虹缁绱㈣惧扮妗(虫敞蹇浜猴ㄨ╄绋浜瑙ｈ)

剧婧缁

-end-

浣锛

蹇瀛澹

句ユ淇灞蹇瀛

Burger, J. M. (1995). Individual differences in preference for solitude. Journal of Research in Personality, 29, 85-108.

Larson, R. W., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1978). Experiential correlates of time alone in adolescence. Journal of Personality, 46(4), 677693.

Long, C. R. (2000). A comparison of positive and negative episodes of solitude. Unpublished masters thesis, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

Long, C. R., & Averill, J. R. (2003). Solitude: An exploration of benefits of being alone. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 33(1), 2144.

Long, C. R., More, T. A., & Averill, J. R. (2006). The subjective experience of solitude. In R. Burns & K. Robinson (Chair), Proceedings of the 2006 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium (pp. 6876). Newtown Square, PA.

Long, C, R., Seburn, M., Averill, J. R., & More, T. A. (2003). Solitude experiences: Varieties, settings, and individual differences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(5), 578583.

Goossens, L., Lasgaard, M., Luyckx, K., Vanhalst, J., Mathias, S., & Masy, E. (2009). Loneliness and solitude in adolescence: A confirmatory factor analysis of alternative models. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(8), 890894.

ㄦ 锛2012锛. ｈ搐瀵瀵锛稿崇绌. 蹇绉瀛灞, 11.

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