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涓椤规扮绌惰〃涓涓灏跺寰锛10000-hour rule锛ㄨㄨ寸锛骞朵ゅ昏缁涔藉府╀涓ㄥ杈惧扮

浠ヨ涔垮垮拌瀹濂ユ瑰杩ㄤ涓杩ㄥ姣寰剁杩ㄥ缁涔堕撮夸锛寰剁杩ㄥ峰氨涓瀹姣寰涓荤寰澶涔锛规杩涓椤硅ヤ绾3000杩ㄥ绌讹浜瀹骞堕濡姝ゃ绌剁璁鸿〃界舵涓轰杩ㄥ瑕澶ч涔锛浣《灏杩ㄥ涔寸璐ュ苟涓介杩浠浠缁堕撮跨ュゅ

稿瀛K. Anders Ericsson1993骞村琛ㄤ涓绡寰褰卞璁烘锛璁や负骞冲焊充瀹朵浠浠鸿茬充瀹讹变浠甯璇浠峰哄锛琛ㄧ宸寰澶х搴充浠涔堕撮跨ㄨ涔杩涓璁烘╁颁朵棰涓诧涓妫浠ュ诲绛绛Ericsson寮鸿ㄨ浜棰涓绘缁锛deliberate training锛寰娌℃涓锛涔灏辨锛涓涓妫杩ㄥ锛充瀹朵互荤戒浠涓轰浠缁涓哄昏璇ョ绌剁璁虹辫Malcolm Gladwell浠浜浠箍涓哄浼锛琚汉浠О涓衡涓涓灏跺寰

涓椤瑰琛ㄥㄣ蹇绉瀛锛Perspectives on Psychological Science锛扮绌惰〃绘缁涓轰浣插朵腑涓涓绱缃锛杩涓逛朵涓浜璁烘涓淬璁澶灏纭浼楂涓涓汉琛ㄧ锛タㄥぇ瀛Case Western University锛蹇瀛杩椤圭绌剁绗浣Brooke Macnamara璇撮浣ㄦ绉涓锛绌剁璋瀵圭卞朵绱冲锛濂硅〃

Macnamara浠ュ濂圭浜浜34椤圭绌讹诲辫拷韪2765杩ㄥ璁灏舵般ｄ绌跺疯杞戒杩ㄥ浠缁╋璇瀹㈠瑙锛姣濡姣璧堕翠互浠浠〃涓涓璇锛涔浠绮捐辩缁浼韬唤瀵逛涓绾х浣叉ヨ锛涓璁烘藉绾у勘涔ㄦ按锛绘缁藉瑙ｉ杩ㄥ缁╁樊寮18%浣绌朵汉浠浠间椤跺绔浜讹璁堕跨宸浠浠藉瑙ｉ浠浠ㄤ叉璧涓琛ㄧ宸1%杩琛ㄦ缁ㄤ瀹村锛瓒杩杩涓村灏变浼褰卞璋骞冲焊璋浼绉浜Macnamara璇撮瀵逛藉浠ュ涓姘村钩杩ㄥ锛哄蹇绱璐ㄤ互朵绱涔病琚瑙ｇ缁煎浣褰卞浠浠琛ㄧ

Ericssonㄦ缃杈惧绔澶у锛Florida State University锛锛浠璁や负ㄧ患锛metaanalysis锛涓涔绘缁ゆ涓瓒冲涓ユ硷涓鸿椤规扮绌舵杩ㄥ富杩琛杩ㄤ互朵绫诲杩ㄦ贩ㄤ璧疯ュ板绘缁¤矾涓涓璁板ㄦ缁ｆ瀵间杩琛璁堕淬杩涓浠ㄨ璁虹绘缁寰澶х涓锛浠璇淬浣Ericsson涔胯锛浠瀹涔杩绉璁涔灏辨ㄥ浠涔磋缁浠瀵硷ㄤ蹭腑骞朵甯歌浜瀹涓锛规杩绉扮翠弗瀹涔锛浠繁绘缁绌剁涓ㄥ涔蹇椤昏ゆ

璁稿浜烘涓涓灏跺寰涓绉涔㈢缁璁鸿涓璁や负瀹瀹杩涓涓ぇㄥ绉瀛浼胯ㄤ夸负涓瀹剁杩绋涓涔瑕锛浣舵澶у涔璁ゅ朵绱涔浼璧蜂ㄣMark Williams璇撮锛浠鸡椴灏澶у锛Brunel University London锛浠浣层ュ悍杩ㄧ绌剁绉瀛锛浠娌℃涓拌椤圭绌朵腑锛杩椤规扮绌讹甯告瓒ｇ锛浣瑙寰瀹杩涓瓒充互瑰浜轰滑ㄦㄥ浜锛浠璇淬

扮撼瑗垮ぇ瀛University of Tennessee锛杩ㄨ涓虹瀛锛motor behavior scientis 锛Jeffery Fairbrother蜂娌℃涓拌椤圭绌朵腑锛浠涔璁や负杩椤规扮绌跺戒浼瑰杩ㄥ璁锛濡浠璇杩椤圭绌惰浆瀵规缁ㄥㄧ淇℃璇锛涓ラ浠浠磋叮锛浠ㄧ璁哄浜浜浠璇淬浠ラ姝ｇ‘璁缁瀵硅ㄥ琛ㄧ瑕褰卞鹃浠搴璇ユ杩浜缁灏藉藉板浜村浜猴浠ユ婵轰浠娼涔锛

Macnamara璇寸患绌朵负缁寸瑙ｆ贩绱褰卞琛涓虹绌舵寮浜颁澶чㄣ涓ラ浠藉ㄨВ娓妤涔灏变涓涓簿辫ㄥ锛浣璁や负浠姣ㄥ寰村ソ

娉绔变腑芥板绉棣浣浣涓汉甯锛杞浇璇锋敞哄