Papi辩濠5骞村瑰挎濠濮荤姣浠ュ磋寮变锛

浠澶╂涓涓拌琚锛papi寮濮汇

璧峰papi卞ㄦ缁艰衡浜繁涓涓濠缁锛卞骞达浠涓澶杩浠瀹堕瑗匡缁濠浜骞达涓ゅ浜插充杩

涓濠绀笺涓搴涓瀛╁锛杩杩骞撮芥瀹躲papi辫〃绀猴瀵瑰瑰胯瑷锛繁瀛╁瑕锛浠舵姣杈濂解

充濠papi辫涓哄ぇㄥ浜烘濠锛缁濠抚澶辫澶卞浜烘间抽妤繁瑕句涔风浜恒褰ｄ釜浜烘ユ讹涓瑕ф锛褰ｄ釜浜烘病ワ涓瑕

杩风濠濮绘ā寮璧涓衡绁浠濠濮烩锛圭舵界瑙ｆ锛涓や汉瑙蹇典濂锛澶璇浠峰浠浠ヨ骞朵瑕瀵硅璐ㄧ锛ｅ濮荤ㄥ锛涓轰涔涓娲伙浜瀛╁涓灏浼寰涓涓枫

ㄨ涓扮朵唬锛瓒ヨ澶骞磋交浜鸿寰濠濮诲杩封褰锋у濂虫ч界讹濠濮绘╁凡辩浜浠浜告舵娲烩炽浣濠濮绘袱涓搴浜杩涓渚舵达瀵瑰コц瑷锛涓轰濂解濂藉瀛濂藉垮濂芥浜测瑙诧昏濡ュ澶凤锋уㄥ濮讳腑涔瑕挎姣韩舵村ㄦ濠姘寸琛浠澶╋浠绂瑕濡ュ杩涔澶锛浠┒绔戒戒濮讳腑寰版村锛

浠澶╂浠ョ涓椤瑰充濮荤扮绌躲

浠颁浜浜鸿锛濠濮诲凡缁ヨ涓浜绂诲ㄨ骞撮寰瓒ヨ楂锛浠浠浼缁寰峰宸茬拨涓р锛濠濮诲甫ョ骞哥姝ｅㄩ浣

涓浜浜哄璇达绂诲楂涓虹ぞ浼ㄨ姝ワ变釜浣富锛灏ゅ舵コ浜虹富瓒ヨ寰板浠浠涓猴ㄥ骞村锛濠濮讳腑ｄ瀹浼ゅㄤ锋瀛ㄧ濡浠浠ㄥ濮荤褰㈠ョ袱涓骞哥浜猴浼村遍╁涓骞搞

2015骞村琛ㄧ涓椤规扮绌朵腑锛缇借タ澶у蹇瀛Eli Finkel猴杩涓朵唬濠濮绘ㄨ蛋涓ゆ

濂硅涓猴浠ｇぞ浼濠濮诲濮涓ゆ锛ｄ濂界濠濮绘杩村ソ锛濠濮诲寰姣浠ュ村浜轰滑瀵瑰濮荤婊℃害锛骞朵濠杩涓涓板灏辫戒

濡浠濠濮诲浠ユ浠ュ浠讳跺藉ソ

Eli Finkel璁や负锛灏界绂诲涓村ㄤ锛浠钩颁锛濠濮荤纭杩磋寮变锛浣瀵逛ｄ浠跺缁濠濮绘ヨ锛濠濮荤璐ㄩ婊℃害借澶уぇ楂浜骞村

ㄨ涓勾浠ｏ褰浠疆韬娈电弧崇郴涓讹瀹浼甯浠蹇瀵澶уChristine M. Proulxdui 瀵1979骞村2002骞寸涓缁绾靛绌惰琛浜浠棣璇锛濠濮荤璐ㄩ藉褰卞涓汉娲荤骞哥搴抽ｄ韬村垢绂濠濮讳腑浜轰浼村蹇姝ゅ锛浠绌惰剧ず锛杩绉褰卞朵唬杩锛姝ｅㄥ寰瓒ヨ寮哄ぇ锛姣璧20澶骞村ワㄤ澶╋涓娈靛垢绂弧濠濮讳缁浠甫ユ村濂藉锛浣挎浠村揩涔

涓轰涔濂界濠濮讳寰村ソ锛Eli Finkel璁や负锛抽ㄤ浠濠濮荤寰楂浜ㄤ娈靛濮讳腑锛浠宠婊¤冻姹村

杩璁告浜虹被绀句灞锛惰跺舰绾堪路ぇ瀛Andrew J. Cherlin猴ㄥ涓锛浜轰滑濠濮荤浜涓涓舵

1. 跺害濠濮伙institutional marriage锛锛1850骞翠互锛浜轰滑瀵瑰濮荤姹涓昏ㄥ虹姹涓锛涓や釜浜哄卞浜э姣杈瀹规瀹琛ｉ蹇эユ浣锛瀹ㄥ镜瀹筹浠ュ娈瀵逛ｄ釜跺澶ヨ锛涓や釜浜虹浜插卞瀛涔澶濂璧涓富瑕

2. 浼村濮伙companionate marriage锛锛浠1850骞村1965骞达缁灞跺害绋冲猴濠濮荤蹇娓杞浜浜插х姹锛瑰濮娉ㄩ变即

3. 琛ㄧ濠濮伙self-expressive marriage锛锛1965骞磋充锛浜轰滑瓒ヨ瑕ㄥ濮讳腑琛ㄧ板韩裤濠濮荤跺害插僵板急浜锛浜轰滑村板濠濮荤浣浠峰肩涓绉娈碉涓杩绉娈垫渚╃

浠ㄥ濮讳腑瀵逛琛ㄨ揪瑕骞磋交浜哄涓杈浜虹涓涓惧哄浠浠ㄥ濮讳腑涓挎灏灏扁锛涓揩浜绉锛寰ㄤ娈典ｄ瀹缇濠濮讳腑Paul AmatoAlan Booth绌舵剧ず锛涓涔浜绂诲骞朵变寰涓ラ鹃锛ｄ澶濠濮诲ㄦ浜虹ュ苟涓浠浠ㄤ娈垫堕村惰跺板寮

煎娉ㄦ扮濠濮荤涓绉绫诲锛ぇ瓒挎ヨ锛浜瀹涓充究ㄥ浠绀句涓跺害濠濮汇浼村濮讳浠跺ぇㄣ

ㄥ浼村濮诲琛ㄧ濠濮讳腑锛浠╃浼翠荆锛ｄ姝ｈ芥弧瓒虫浠簿绁瑕涔姝わｄ藉杩涓ょ被濠濮荤浜轰滑甯ョ骞哥浜跺害濠濮荤papi卞涓澶＄濠濮伙灏辨涓绫诲濮汇浠浠藉绐村濮荤涓浜褰㈠跺害ㄨ风濠濮讳腑锛涓蹇涓哄濮诲Ε虹诧濠濮诲戒杩瀹

浣骞朵汉浜洪借藉板papi′疯遍╁濮绘ā寮Eli Finkel璇达褰浠瀵涓杩板濮荤涓涓灞舵讹浼瀹姝ｅソ濂浜椹1943骞存虹姹璁猴浜虹被姹浠伴涓轰绉锛浠姹瀹ㄩ姹锛扮变灞姹锛板瀹姹ㄨ浜绉姹灞娆′腑锛褰浣娆＄姹寰版弧瓒虫讹浜轰滑浼浜撮灞娆＄姹

惰锛灏卞姹璁虹5涓绾ф瀛濉褰凤瓒姹涔灏辫炬弧瓒筹涔瓒灏浜鸿藉杈惧般濡浠锛浠ヨ涓婊¤冻浜浠渚濠濮绘ョ淮璁★镐即浠芥宠ユ涓娈靛ソ濠濮伙浠腑寰村骞哥

浣杩涔崇锛浠瑕浠烘村

Eli Finkel璁や负锛ㄧ浠ｅ濮婚锛-浜у烘寰寰钩濡浣冲垢绂弧锛灏遍瑕ㄥ硅韩涓ㄨ娈靛崇郴ュぇ堕村绮惧锛ヤ娇瑰ㄦ绮剧╄川绛绉绉归㈤芥版弧瓒炽

杩涓硅Jeffrey Dew绛浜虹绌舵璇ㄤ浠璋ヤ腑锛ｄ姣ㄨ冲浼涓娆″浼翠荆稿锛璁烘椁胯杩璧疯琛椤规椿轰浜猴ユ缇弧濠濮荤芥фｄ杈句拌涓姹澶3.5浠ｄ汉ㄤ瀹涓藉浣垮濮荤璐ㄩ揪扮┖楂搴濡浠浠挎苟藉涓烘ョ璇

惰锛澶у颁汉骞舵病藉ヨ冻澶堕村绮惧版浠ヨ涓癸涓1975骞寸告锛2003骞达ｄ娌℃瀛濂崇澶姣ㄥㄤ璧风稿骞冲堕翠35灏朵颁26灏讹瀛濂崇澶姣ㄥㄤ璧风稿骞冲堕翠13灏朵9灏躲

瀵圭虹涓濮昏川崇郴绌朵渚浜浣璇绀句瀛Steven P. Martin绌舵剧ず锛浠涓绾80骞翠唬寮濮锛瀵浜哄绌蜂汉绂诲宸姝ｅㄦュф╁ぇ涓宠薄涓锛绌蜂汉瀹涓杩杩姣瀵浜烘村绂诲

杩绉宸骞朵环艰朵瀹绱锛姝ｆ涓洪ｄ娲诲村伴剧浜洪瑕垮烘村堕存ュ伐浣艰诲绯锛褰浠浠负浜璁＄蹭芥讹骞舵病瓒冲堕村绮惧ョ淮绯汇缁ヨ娈靛濮汇

濂界辨即杩璇娌℃锛浠ｇぞ浼浠绘お杩蹇纰锛璁╂浠濮昏川锛芥浠病戒哄堕淬

浠腑澶у颁汉锛藉繁濠濮昏藉寸ǔ瀹夸缇弧ｄ锛濡浣藉ㄨ蜂袱朵唬锛涓轰娈靛垢绂濮荤ユ锛

濡杩帮浠虹澶锛涔灏卞扮澶Eli Finkel寤鸿锛濡浣宠寰撮濠濮绘弧害骞哥锛浠ュ敖变规堕村Ta寰ㄤ璧凤姣濡瀹涓浜哄绾堕粹濡瀹ㄦ病娉ラｄ澶堕村绮惧锛浣浠浠ュ娌锛灏介弧瓒冲郊姝ょ簿绁涓姹锛姣濡锛璇ㄤ娈垫堕村卞瀹涓ヨ

David Brooks杩涓姝ユ荤璇达濡浠锛宠寰颁娈电弧骞哥濠濮伙浜轰滑瑕浠绉瑙瑙ヨ锛

1. 蹇瑙瑙锛psychological lens锛锛浜插崇郴涓瀹Ty Tashiro璇达藉棰娴涓娈垫氮婕崇郴界淮澶骞寸骞哥绋冲锛瑕灏辨璞＄浜烘肩硅川锛Taユ涓у浠峰艰姝わ褰浣涓涓汉姝ュュ濮绘讹ゅ娴极绱锛浣杩寰瀛у锛瀵瀵规圭浜烘肩硅川浣瑕句涓瀹浜烘р锛agreeableness锛辨稿杈楂浼翠荆锛涓ｄ绁缁川缁绋冲浜恒

2. 娴极瑙瑙锛romantic lens锛锛浣瑕句涓蹇哥辩浜轰涓轰即渚ｃ灏ゅ舵ㄦｅ骞撮锛娴极辨浼灏浣浠ㄤ璧凤浣垮浣浠挎褰兼涓璧峰害杩涓ョ跺锛㈠界伴俱濡ㄤ寮濮娌℃瓒冲娴极锛浣浠寸虹藉惧ョ娲婚绉绉纾ㄨ

3. 寰疯瑙锛moral lens锛锛ф煎冲浜藉稿锛辨婊¤冻浜娆叉姹锛ㄨ涓瀹朵唬锛藉涓娈电弧濠濮伙寰风浣ㄩ板寰瑕濂界濠濮绘涓轰锛浠藉浠腑板繁锛璁よ拌繁ユ杩烽ｆ风姣锛骞朵繁浠ヤ负ｆ峰ソ稿涓瀵瑰ソ浼翠荆藉姝ｈ娌褰兼缂虹癸璁ょ澶繁ｄ缂虹癸瀛村涓板寰瀵规广

ㄨ涓绉瑙瑙涓ㄥ涓よ涓浠苟娌℃澶ョ绌洪淬涓涓汉浜烘肩硅川寰寰稿哄锛寰炬瑰锛翠瑕浣藉瑰瀵规癸辨寰寰涔娉浜轰负绾电锛瀹寰捐瑰烩ㄩ寰疯瑙涓锛浜轰滑藉ㄦ瑰涓哄锛浣胯繁ㄨ娈靛崇郴涓垫ｄ澶╂т腑剁ㄥ锛浜告淇杩锛搴涓

杩风瑰锛浠浠ョО涔涓虹Н涓濡ュ跺杩涓界‘瀹繁浼涓浼缁杩ヤ娈靛濮汇瀵规ヨ锛涓冲版ョ姣涓冲借涓涓汉绾冲ヨ达灏变瑙寰杩涓澶х濡ュ惰涓芥宠薄繁蹇夸鸿风冲舵浣宸茬惧伴ｄ釜夸负浠濡ュ挎杩绡杞缁浠浜轰锛寰浣浜

浠ヤ

References:

Finkel, E. J., Cheung, E. O., Emery, L. F., Carswell, K. L., & Larson, G. M. (2015). The Suffocation Model Why Marriage in America Is Becoming an All-or-Nothing Institution. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 24(3), 238-244.

Proulx, C. M., Helms, H. M., & Buehler, C. (2007). Marital quality and personal wellbeing: A metaanalysis. Journal of Marriage and Family, 69(3), 576-593.

Cherlin, A. J. (2004). The deinstitutionalization of American marriage. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66(4), 848-861.

Martin, S. P. (2006). Trends in marital dissolution by women's education in the United States.Demographic Research, 15, 537-560.

The All-or-Nothing Marriage, the New York Times

Three Views of Marriage, the New York Time