浣锛界锛淇界锛

杩锛涓婚㈡虹浣灏辨界娴瑷瑰娌告哺娴瑷涓娑婀诲㈤灞绗婚㈠凡缁烘娓璇达浠浠ユ病甯杩杩绫绘涔涓灏涓瀹跺濯浣鸿绉浣讳涓浜や唬灏涓澶娓妤ㄩ

浜瀹涓锛抽ギ椋涓惧汉绫诲ュ悍崇郴宸茬板绌躲涓璋ｈｆ淇℃稿锛浣涓浣涓界锛浠绉涓璁叉淇界

浠父璇粹璁茶瑕规浠ｅ诲寰诲蹇碉瀹涓灏辨璁茶璁叉规诲

ｄ锛璇翠涓界淇界规ㄥ锛杩瑕浠琛璇磋捣

楂琛锛褰浜虹被姝讳骸绗遍╁绱

2015骞村琛ㄥㄦ冲蹇涓ㄧ2013骞寸剧涓激瀹冲堕╁绱璐绌讹GBD2013锛ュ锛涓ギ椋涔楂琛ㄧ浜哄姝讳骸娈剧涓昏遍╁绱10澶ч╀娆′负涓猴楂琛哥楂浣般楂琛绯姘村钩楂楗楗姘存涓瓒炽澧绌烘姹℃瀹跺涵瀹ゅ绌烘姹℃楂琛洪

蜂版斤10浣遍╁绱涓猴楂琛哥楂楗楂绌鸿硅绯ユ按涓瓒炽楂浣般绮剧┖姘姹℃瀹ゅ绌烘姹℃楗涓ㄨ胺╀瓒炽

瑙锛楂琛ㄧ浜哄姝讳骸澶у遍╁绱锛涓稿宠楂锛锛楗涔富瑕遍╁绱涔涓

楂琛版蹇

楂琛涓轰涔濡姝も舵锛ㄤ楂琛涓浣棣瑕绱锛蹇琛绠＄浜虹被绗2014骞存存扮缇藉琛绠＄缁璁℃版蹇涓存浜＄绗绗浣锛楂琛蹇琛绠＄剧姝讳骸褰拌揪40.6锛

撮瑕涓缁璁よ涓锛琛骞朵瑕杈惧版楂浜缁涓140/90 姣背姹辩楂琛璇锛瑕朵筹剁缉>115 姣背姹憋灏变浜хュ悍卞绌跺锛蹇涓49锛涓62锛褰浜朵崇琛

浠瑕翠弗煎版惰

姝わ琛绠＄宸茬跺ㄤ复搴楂琛璇浠ヤ锛搴璇ヨ揪扳崇舵

辩藉界绌堕NIH锛璧╃剁缉骞查璇楠锛the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial 锛SPRINT)浜 2015骞村甯浜姝ョ杩椤瑰锋绋纰绌剁剧ず锛涓互寰140姣背姹辩告锛寸簿拌撮╁剁缉跺120姣背姹变互涓锛浠ユ伴浣浣蹇“绔蹇琛绠′浠讹浠ュ涓杩涓涔涓锛浣50宀浠ヤ楂琛浜虹兢姝讳骸涔涓

楂锛楂琛涓昏甯讹撅琛淇ょ

楂琛褰㈡跺卞涓挎锛宠涓杩绋瀵逛绠＄涓浠娇ㄨ╅浣锛撮瑕ㄤ跺跺绱朵腑锛挎楂浣鹃ギ椋凡ョ楂琛涓昏绱涔涓

炬缁澶缁涓昏崇瀛锛瀵逛淮浣娑查姘村佃В璐ㄥ钩琛′互烘芥椿ㄤ缂恒

楗涓捐蹇瀹ㄥ告讹惰捐浼涔100%灏告剁炬轰澶蜂瑷锛捐浜璋琛ㄧ涓哄澶锛灏灏锛涓涓锛瀵逛句负澶澶锛灏灏锛涓涔讳涓锛浜轰瀵逛句唬璋㈠锋寮哄ぇ璋藉锛昏戒ㄦ骞宠　舵锛灏ゅ跺锋寮甯稿己澶х淇藉姝わ涓浜朵寰澶ュ诲瀛锛浜轰瀵逛╀腑琛ュ姹锛抽甯告璋瑕甯镐冲剧‘瀹涓涓‘板锛涓涓烘骞翠汉姣ぉ瑕琛ュ瓒杩500姣

挎楂浣鹃ギ椋瀵艰翠褰㈡稿楂骞宠　锛瀵艰翠娑查澧锛褰㈡璋姘撮ㄦ锛浠瀵艰撮琛

杩涓瑰凡缁板瓒崇绌惰璇涓缁缁锛WHO锛缇界剧跺棰蹭腑蹇锛CDC锛涔寮鸿楂浣鹃ギ椋涓琛浠ュ蹇琛绠＄涔寸绯汇

涓归捐浜剧娉锋镐搴锛ユ村惧浠ヤ杩捐娉村锛╀崇琛舵

浠ｄ汉绫荤楂浣剧娲烩浠宸

㈢堕浣鹃ギ椋瀵瑰ュ悍浜х涓╁奖锛浠汉绫昏涓涓轰涔轰璇┾锛ㄤ挎杩ョ戒娇躲

浠澶╃浜虹被锛楂搴杈剧澶ц靛阀绔涓浜椋╅剧椤剁锛浣浜哄翠垛璋颁浜椋涔сㄤㄤ娇ㄥ伐峰绉瀛浜虹被绁涔韩挎锛介挎濮灞ㄩ╅剧浣ㄥ濮舵涓锛璁烘浠ユ℃捐椋锛杩ョ╃锛冲板涓濮磋捣介缂轰村版板杩椋椋涔婕垮涓浜虹被绁芥椋绾ぉ垛椋╋灏ゅ舵╂ч╀负涓汇

杩绉椋╃圭逛涓灏变楂俱绌惰涓猴ｇ舵涓浜虹被姣ぉ楂剧浠ラ杈400姣╁锛稿浜隘捐揪30瀵逛锛界堕瑕浣╀腑翠姝ゆ讳涓浜轰涓村ㄩ缂轰舵瀵逛芥椿ㄥ姝や缂猴浠堕姹绱ц揩фヨ浠娆′┖姘姘淬介挎瀵逛娓存瀵艰翠汉ㄧㄥぇ濂璧郴缁ユ璧琛涓轰褰㈡寮虹椋娆叉濂姐杩涔浠甯歌椋╀镐棣

抽绉颁负渚搴瓒崇寤浠峰锛浜哄翠跺挎杩ョ濂芥界椹变娇澶ч椋锛杩杩瓒杩

讹椋╃娣卞宸ラ剧娴澶憋瀵剧伴姘存挎ヤ瓒筹瀵艰撮炬ヨ浣缁锛浠浠介┍浣胯娌℃杩ㄦ鸿藉轰富ㄨ存ラ搴扮澧锛浠瀵艰存浠绯娑拌涓浜楂浣剧娲汇

锛介烘锛锛琛ラ炬

跺寰绠锛浣琛ヤ瓒斥锛锛琛ラ俱

缁骞寸绌讹ㄩ句琛崇郴锛浠ュ濡浣绉瀛绾姝ｈ绉璇归绉瀛浠寰浜璇涓涓涓昏ュ悍烘杩瀵逛浜璇瀹℃ョ轰汉浠稿崇ュ悍寤鸿

浣ョ寤鸿

浠ヤ缁缁涓轰锛2012骞村娆℃存颁骞翠汉跨ユ锛

涓缁寤鸿骞翠汉搴ラ互浣锛琛绠＄剧涓跺ㄨ蹇剧椋╋寮虹寤鸿锛涓缁寤鸿浜烘ぉラ浣<2锛椋5/澶╋浠ヤ锛寮虹寤鸿锛

涓缁寤鸿跨ラ互惰锛寮虹锛跨ラ互浜烘楂姣ぉ2g涓哄哄锛浠ュ跨涓浜鸿介姹姣渚涓虹稿璋淬

锛寮虹寤鸿寮涓瀹剁瓒冲淇″璁や负典寰棰澶т奖

′欢寤鸿涓瀹跺淇″璁や负典缓璁棰藉ぇ浜奖

垛查骞撮澧瀹崇琛楂锛

涓涓介濞烘寤鸿藉芥楗锛骞翠汉姣ユラ搴灏浜2300姣锛椋6/澶╋.浣杩涓姝ュ缓璁锛瀵逛勾榫瓒杩锛51宀娲茶缇戒汉ｆ楂琛绯灏跨㈡ц捐剧浜哄璇ヨ涓姝ュラ1500姣

卞芥垮稿虫烘寤鸿骞翠汉姣ぉラㄤ瓒杩5~6虹涓锛浜2025骞村杈惧版ぉ涓瓒杩3椋

藉芥楗寤鸿ぉ椋ラ瓒杩6

澧炬ュ缓璁

涓缁缁2012骞磋棣娆＄轰骞翠汉跨炬ユ锛

涓缁寤鸿浜哄浠╀腑撅浠ラ浣蹇琛绠＄剧涓跺ㄨ蹇剧椋╋寮虹寤鸿锛涓缁缁寤鸿浜烘ぉ剧ラ冲涓90姣╁/澶╋3510姣锛锛′欢寤鸿锛

涓缁寤鸿跨澧炬ラ互╀惰锛′欢锛跨炬ぉラ互浜烘ぉ浣90姣╁涓哄哄锛浠ュ跨涓浜鸿介姹姣渚虹稿璋淬

缇藉界绌堕㈢虹寤鸿浜哄姣ぉ浠╀腑炬灏涓120姣╁锛稿浜4700姣锛

讳涓寤鸿瀵逛琛ｈ瑷锛ㄤ娇ㄨ╀弗兼不堕瑕涓ユ奸堕ヨˉ炬ャ充究姝ｅ父骞翠汉烽瑕琛ラ撅浠ラ查琛筹杩绉楗涓捐撮瑕浠跨寮濮锛浠ラ查骞撮澧瀹崇琛楂

楗涓崇炬渚

涓缁猴界舵渚楗涓炬ユ渚骞堕村浠诲★浣患涓ら」寤鸿锛虫骞翠汉姣ぉュ2浠ヤ锛澧炬ュ90姣╁锛3500姣锛锛ｄ涓剧╁姣板ソ绾负1锛1崇楗炬渚

浣ㄧ村楂浣鹃ギ椋缁浣垮杩涓渚杩楂浜2锛1姘村钩琛ラ剧璺寰裤

稿宠

涓缁寮褰㈡杩涓や釜寤鸿规ㄥ锛

杩涓规氨ㄧ涓瀹剁杩妫绱㈠骞存ユ稿崇瀛绌惰琛瀹℃ュ虹缁璁恒

浠ラ炬ユ涓轰锛涓瀹剁辨绱㈠5310椤瑰虹╋杩涓ユ肩ョ撼ユ缁瀹℃ョ璐ㄩ姹37椤圭绌讹22椤规骞翠汉哄х绌讹11椤规浜洪绌讹跨3椤归哄у1椤归绌讹褰㈡胯揪椤电浠讹浠氨澶杈96椤广

缁剧ず锛澧炬ュ浠ユ琛ｈ琛3.49/ 1.96姣背姹便褰ヨ楂捐揪90-120姣╁/澶╋剁缉浣7.16姣背姹便讹澧剧ラ惧姐琛胯堕猴涓绉婵绱锛娴搴病捐涓╁奖ㄥ跨锛炬ュ浠ヨ交搴浣姘村钩锛浣病缁璁″捐с

浣ョ瀹℃ョ剧ず锛浠24灏跺翱ヨ浼板骞冲75姣╁锛稿浜4.4椋锛ュ浣4.18/2.06姣背姹便褰灏块100姣╁锛6锛剁缉杩涓姝ラ浣揪5.8姣背姹便跺锛ヤ寮璧疯娴剧洪涓ょ璋惧钩琛＄婵绱锛骞搴娲绘у锛瀵逛朵娌℃瀹璐ㄦу奖

浣藉洪琛撅

抽界娴瑷璋规锛浣灏辨剧锛藉璧烽捐ュ悍卞崇姝汇

跺锛璋浣灏辨ㄩ涓坊10~35%姘炬夸唬稿姘锛ｄ椋ㄥ绛杩绉浠ュュ剧ャ椋ㄨ绉浼瀵艰撮琛惧锛

涓缁ㄩ炬ユ浠朵腑猴ㄨヨ绋涓苟娌℃娑澧炬ユ撮琛鹃锛涓哄瓒崇璇瀛虹芥妤拌〃ㄨ惧芥甯哥浜猴句浼瀵艰磋炬捐楂锛杩绉蹇病蹇瑕

浣澶ч澧炬ョ绌跺挨舵╂绌堕藉姝よ琛杩绱稿涓涓绾90骞翠唬浠ヤ涓ら」绌躲1900骞村琛ㄧ涓椤圭绌朵腑锛6浣ュ悍骞翠汉姣ぉ4娆″捐跺锛24灏舵绘ラ杈400姣╁锛稿浜30姘撅锛澧4缁锛ㄦ╂锛72灏讹姣ㄩ捐跺虹琛娴涓俱洪灏块炬娉ユх涓锛浣蹇杈炬涓涓扮稿楂惧钩琛★ラ句腑80%24灏跺缁翱娑叉猴锛杩涓按骞充ㄧ村杞诲害楂讹灏块涔杞诲井澧锛虹杞诲井璐骞宠　20澶╋璐搴搴锛琛娴琛娴剧娲绘у洪板哄姘村钩

褰捐ˉ绐朵腑虹璐惧淇璞★24灏剁姝ｏ涔浠缁72灏讹灏卞杈炬扮骞宠　

涓椤1991骞村琛ㄧ绌朵腑锛ㄩ胯揪1骞存堕村姣ぉ琛ュ115姣╁撅娌℃瑙瀵拌捐杩姝ｅ父村澧

灏辨锛璁哄ぇュ父ラ8浠ヤ锛挎锛1骞达琛ュ鹃芥病瀵艰存剧楂琛剧

颁锛充究ф坊35%姘捐绠锛姣ぉ杩椋澶杈10浣锛澶ョ姘句3.5锛稿浜40姣╁惧涓癸涓瓒虫涓锛涓介ュ悍卞楂琛俱

姝わ璋浣灏辨界娴瑷绾缂轰烘诲甯歌ｈ埃瑷

浣锛涓界淇界

浜瀹涓瑷稿锛杩椋浣锛浠ラ浣ワ琛ュ剧ヤ瓒筹浠胯ヨ╀琛棰插讹浠浣琛绠＄涓蹇姝讳骸椋┿绌惰涓烘骞翠汉姣ぉラ2.3浠ヤ锛炬ュ4浠ヤ锛姣勾ㄧ浠ラ叉绾250涓涓蹇姝讳骸瑙锛浣涓浠涓界锛浠ヨ淇界

褰讹充究锛涓昏浠舵隘锛ф坊35%姘捐绠锛姣ぉ杩椋10浣锛姘ラ楂杈6.5锛楂浜讹存捐楂浜浣抽ラ姣ぉ3姘锛涓姝わ瀵逛瑕姝ｆ蹇骞堕浼楂琛撅浠舵ラ

濂界规浣荤ラ澧瀵鹃╋姣濡伴姘存ワ遍娓琛ュ炬ャ

澶锛瑕绀虹骞堕浜轰汉杩椋浣锛瀵逛捐惧藉骞翠汉捐剧ｈヨ锛浣芥瀹崇锛蜂甸瑕у荤瀵艰椋

Global, regional,and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental andoccupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries,19902013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

https://www.healthdata.org/sites/default/files/files/research_articles/2015/GBD2013_RiskFactors_TheLancet_0.PDF

Landmark NIH studyshows intensive blood pressure management may save lives

http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/news/press-releases/2015/landmark-nih-study-shows-intensive-blood-pressure-management-may-save-lives

Guideline:Potassium intake for adults and children

http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/guidelines/potassium_intake_printversion.pdf

Guideline: Sodium intake for adults and children

http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/guidelines/sodium_intake_printversion.pdf

Effectof increased potassium intake on cardiovascular risk factors and disease:systematic review and meta-analyses

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4816263/

Effect of longerterm modest salt reduction on blood pressure: Cochrane systematic review andmeta-analysis of randomised trials

http://www.bmj.com/content/346/bmj.f1325

Earlyand late adjustment to potassium loading in humans.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2266680

Increasingthe dietary potassium intake reduces the need for antihypertensive medication.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1929022